From e300451f3ad1c746ce4efad6aa027f85a668eb48 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: chenyu <chenyu@fastmail.com>
Date: Wed, 30 Jul 2025 16:34:21 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 01/15] update llama3 (#11446)

`LR=1e-4 TRAIN_ON_VAL=1 DEFAULT_FLOAT=bfloat16 FUSE_ARANGE=1 JITBEAM=2 OPTIM_DTYPE=bfloat16 LLAMA3_SIZE=1B WARMUP_STEPS=36 DECAY_STEPS=360 SEQLEN=512 PYTHONPATH=. AMD=1 AMD_LLVM=0 MODEL=llama3 python3 examples/mlperf/model_train.py` trained to 7
---
 examples/mlperf/model_train.py | 17 ++++++++---------
 1 file changed, 8 insertions(+), 9 deletions(-)

diff --git a/examples/mlperf/model_train.py b/examples/mlperf/model_train.py
index 032cc29592..d292c5720a 100644
--- a/examples/mlperf/model_train.py
+++ b/examples/mlperf/model_train.py
@@ -1294,9 +1294,12 @@ def train_llama3():
   grad_acc           = config["GRADIENT_ACC_STEPS"]     = getenv("GRADIENT_ACC_STEPS", 1)
   GBS                = config["GLOBAL_BATCH_SIZE"]      = BS * grad_acc
   SEED               = config["SEED"]                   = getenv("SEED", 5760)
-  SAMPLES            = config["SAMPLES"]                = getenv("SAMPLES", 1_200_000)
   SEQLEN             = config["SEQLEN"]                 = getenv("SEQLEN", 8192)
   TRAIN_ON_VAL       = config["TRAIN_ON_VAL"]           = getenv("TRAIN_ON_VAL", 0)
+  SAMPLES            = config["SAMPLES"]                = getenv("SAMPLES", 5_760 if TRAIN_ON_VAL else 1_200_000)
+
+  # LR=1e-4 TRAIN_ON_VAL=1 DEFAULT_FLOAT=bfloat16 FUSE_ARANGE=1 JITBEAM=2 OPTIM_DTYPE=bfloat16 LLAMA3_SIZE=1B WARMUP_STEPS=36 DECAY_STEPS=360 SEQLEN=512 PYTHONPATH=. AMD=1 AMD_LLVM=0 MODEL=llama3 python3 examples/mlperf/model_train.py
+  # trains to 7
 
   opt_adamw_beta_1 = 0.9
   opt_adamw_beta_2 = 0.95
@@ -1350,17 +1353,13 @@ def train_llama3():
   for tokens in tqdm(iter, total=SAMPLES//BS):
     GlobalCounters.reset()
     loss, lr = train_step(model, tokens)
-    # BS=2 OPTIM_DTYPE=bfloat16 LLAMA3_SIZE=8B WARMUP_STEPS=2 DECAY_STEPS=300 PYTHONPATH=. AMD=1 MODEL=llama3 python3 examples/mlperf/model_train.py
-    # uses 43% ~= 83GB
-    # 8B bf16 = 16GB. model + grad + optim m and v = 64GB
-    # TODO: this OOM
-    # BS=1 SEQLEN=4000 OPTIM_DTYPE=bfloat16 LLAMA3_SIZE=8B WARMUP_STEPS=2 DECAY_STEPS=300 PYTHONPATH=. AMD=1 MODEL=llama3 python3 examples/mlperf/model_train.py
     # above as tqdm.write f-string
     tqdm.write(f"{loss.item():.4f} loss, {lr.item():.12f} LR, {GlobalCounters.mem_used / 1e9:.2f} GB used")
-    with open("loss.txt", "a") as f:
-      f.write(f"{i} {loss.item():.4f} {lr.item():.12f} {GlobalCounters.mem_used / 1e9:.2f}\n")
+    if (fname:=getenv("LOSS_FILE", "")):
+      with open(fname, "a") as f:
+        f.write(f"{i} {loss.item():.4f} {lr.item():.12f} {GlobalCounters.mem_used / 1e9:.2f}\n")
 
-    if i % 200 == 0 or i == 10:
+    if getenv("CKPT") and (i % 200 == 0 or i == 10):
       tqdm.write("saving checkpoint")
       if not os.path.exists(ckpt_dir := "./ckpts"): os.mkdir(ckpt_dir)
       fn = f"{ckpt_dir}/{i}.safe"

From 6252f7770ee8889eec933bebb9509bf3ea03b4f6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: wozeparrot <wozeparrot@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 30 Jul 2025 17:18:20 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 02/15] feat: fake data (#11447)

---
 examples/mlperf/model_train.py | 10 ++++++++--
 1 file changed, 8 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/examples/mlperf/model_train.py b/examples/mlperf/model_train.py
index d292c5720a..deaa4271f8 100644
--- a/examples/mlperf/model_train.py
+++ b/examples/mlperf/model_train.py
@@ -1346,8 +1346,14 @@ def train_llama3():
     loss.realize(lr)
     return loss, lr
 
-  from examples.mlperf.dataloader import batch_load_llama3
-  iter = batch_load_llama3(GBS, SAMPLES, SEQLEN, Path(getenv("BASEDIR", "/raid/datasets/c4/")), seed=SEED, val=bool(TRAIN_ON_VAL))
+  if getenv("FAKEDATA", 0):
+    def fake_data():
+      for _ in range(SAMPLES // GBS):
+        yield Tensor.randint(GBS, SEQLEN + 1, low=0, high=32000, dtype=dtypes.int32, device=Device.DEFAULT)
+    iter = fake_data()
+  else:
+    from examples.mlperf.dataloader import batch_load_llama3
+    iter = batch_load_llama3(GBS, SAMPLES, SEQLEN, Path(getenv("BASEDIR", "/raid/datasets/c4/")), seed=SEED, val=bool(TRAIN_ON_VAL))
 
   i = 0
   for tokens in tqdm(iter, total=SAMPLES//BS):

From cba3655de5e3287dd4739f58f09e9c23fc97c821 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Eitan Turok <150733043+eitanturok@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Thu, 31 Jul 2025 05:03:41 +0300
Subject: [PATCH 03/15] Add Test for Setitem (#10559)

* init

* update

* better

* failing test

* works

* Delete test file

* clean

* lint

* simplify variable name

* rm contigious, rm int dtype, and add assertEqual

---------

Co-authored-by: chenyu <chenyu@fastmail.com>
---
 test/test_setitem.py | 7 +++++++
 1 file changed, 7 insertions(+)

diff --git a/test/test_setitem.py b/test/test_setitem.py
index b1fdcf3dd6..967acc29f1 100644
--- a/test/test_setitem.py
+++ b/test/test_setitem.py
@@ -158,6 +158,13 @@ class TestSetitem(unittest.TestCase):
     t[:-1] = t[1:]
     self.assertEqual(t.tolist(), [[2.0], [1.0], [1.0]])
 
+  def test_setitem_big(self):
+    idx_size, val = 256, 4
+    t = Tensor.arange(0, idx_size+1)
+    idx = Tensor.arange(0, idx_size)
+    t[idx] = val
+    self.assertEqual(t.tolist(), [val]*idx_size+[idx_size])
+
 class TestWithGrad(unittest.TestCase):
   def test_no_requires_grad_works(self):
     z = Tensor.rand(8, 8)

From c3cfcb50cbb3a85751dc685c93cd24efe5b4762e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: kevvz <92408564+kevvz@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Wed, 30 Jul 2025 19:04:44 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 04/15] Add linalg_det and test for torch backend (#11405)

* add linalg_det and test

* space

---------

Co-authored-by: chenyu <chenyu@fastmail.com>
---
 extra/torch_backend/backend.py | 6 ++++++
 extra/torch_backend/test.py    | 5 +++++
 2 files changed, 11 insertions(+)

diff --git a/extra/torch_backend/backend.py b/extra/torch_backend/backend.py
index 80fc038c76..eba99816ef 100644
--- a/extra/torch_backend/backend.py
+++ b/extra/torch_backend/backend.py
@@ -128,6 +128,12 @@ def _linalg_eigh(self, UPLO: str = 'U'):
   w, v = torch.linalg.eigh(self.cpu(), UPLO=UPLO)
   return w.tiny(), v.tiny()
 
+@torch.library.impl("aten::_linalg_det", "privateuseone")
+# TODO: move to tinygrad
+def _linalg_det(self: torch.Tensor):
+  result = aten._linalg_det(self.cpu())
+  return result[0].tiny(), result[1].tiny(), result[2].tiny()
+
 def upsample_backward(grad_out, output_size, input_size, *args, f=None): return f(grad_out.cpu(), output_size, input_size, *args).tiny()
 
 for i in [
diff --git a/extra/torch_backend/test.py b/extra/torch_backend/test.py
index 10c077001d..087f944204 100644
--- a/extra/torch_backend/test.py
+++ b/extra/torch_backend/test.py
@@ -198,6 +198,11 @@ class TestTorchBackend(unittest.TestCase):
     recon = (v @ torch.diag(w) @ v.T).cpu().numpy()
     np.testing.assert_allclose(recon, a.cpu().numpy(), atol=1e-6)
 
+  def test_linalg_det(self):
+    a = torch.diag(torch.tensor([1,2,3,4,5], dtype = torch.float32, device=device))
+    b = torch.linalg.det(a)
+    np.testing.assert_equal(b.cpu().numpy(), 120.0)
+
   def test_scalar_assign(self):
     a = torch.tensor([1, 2, 3], device=device)
     a[1] = 4

From 24dd0d52edfc32ab6f887f22752145255d8524dc Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: wozeparrot <wozeparrot@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 30 Jul 2025 20:18:56 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 05/15] feat: test remove to cpu (#11444)

---
 tinygrad/tensor.py | 7 +++++--
 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/tinygrad/tensor.py b/tinygrad/tensor.py
index 53a7790a62..307c1ae17b 100644
--- a/tinygrad/tensor.py
+++ b/tinygrad/tensor.py
@@ -282,7 +282,7 @@ class Tensor(MathTrait):
     # TODO: this is a hack for writing to DISK. remove with working assign
     if isinstance(self.device, str) and self.device.startswith("DISK"):
       if x.__class__ is not Tensor: x = Tensor(x, device="CPU", dtype=self.dtype)
-      cast(Buffer, self.contiguous().realize().uop.base.buffer).ensure_allocated().copyin(x._data())
+      self._buffer().copyin(x._data())
       return self
     if x.__class__ is not Tensor: x = Tensor(x, device=self.device, dtype=self.dtype)
     if self.uop is x.uop: return self  # a self assign is a NOOP
@@ -299,7 +299,10 @@ class Tensor(MathTrait):
     """
     return Tensor(self.uop.detach(), device=self.device, requires_grad=False)
 
-  def _buffer(self) -> Buffer: return cast(Buffer, self.cast(self.dtype.base).contiguous().to("CPU").realize().uop.base.buffer)
+  def _buffer(self) -> Buffer:
+    x = self.cast(self.dtype.base).contiguous()
+    if isinstance(self.device, tuple): x = x.to("CPU")
+    return cast(Buffer, x.realize().uop.base.buffer).ensure_allocated()
   def _data(self) -> memoryview: return self._buffer().as_buffer()
 
   def data(self) -> memoryview:

From 75c2c42def014b786b110b415dbcf9fb79f8298d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: nimlgen <138685161+nimlgen@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Thu, 31 Jul 2025 13:57:12 +0300
Subject: [PATCH 06/15] suppress exceptions only during finalization (#11451)

* suppress exceptions only during finalization

* fix

* fix typing

* fix more warns

* fix

* better?

* Revert "better?"

This reverts commit a068aa57936f180e68f837247758c48cac8a344f.

* mm?

* no as e
---
 tinygrad/helpers.py            |  7 +++++++
 tinygrad/runtime/ops_amd.py    | 11 +++++------
 tinygrad/runtime/ops_cuda.py   |  7 +++----
 tinygrad/runtime/ops_gpu.py    |  7 +++----
 tinygrad/runtime/ops_nv.py     |  9 ++++-----
 tinygrad/runtime/ops_webgpu.py |  7 +++----
 6 files changed, 25 insertions(+), 23 deletions(-)

diff --git a/tinygrad/helpers.py b/tinygrad/helpers.py
index e60840dd22..34306e22ac 100644
--- a/tinygrad/helpers.py
+++ b/tinygrad/helpers.py
@@ -81,6 +81,13 @@ def word_wrap(x, wrap=80):
   while len(ansistrip(x[:i])) < wrap and i < len(x): i += 1
   return x[:i] + "\n" + word_wrap(x[i:], wrap)
 
+def suppress_finalizing(func):
+  def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
+    try: return func(*args, **kwargs)
+    except (AttributeError, TypeError, ImportError):
+      if not getattr(sys, 'is_finalizing', lambda: True)(): raise # re-raise if not finalizing
+  return wrapper
+
 def pluralize(st:str, cnt:int): return f"{cnt} {st}"+('' if cnt == 1 else 's')
 
 class LazySeq(Generic[T]): # NOTE: Mapping requires __iter__ and __len__, Sequence requires supporting __len__ and slicing in __getitem__
diff --git a/tinygrad/runtime/ops_amd.py b/tinygrad/runtime/ops_amd.py
index 3c440768ab..abb4b603e3 100644
--- a/tinygrad/runtime/ops_amd.py
+++ b/tinygrad/runtime/ops_amd.py
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ from tinygrad.runtime.support.hcq import HCQCompiled, HCQAllocator, HCQBuffer, H
 from tinygrad.runtime.support.hcq import MMIOInterface
 from tinygrad.uop.ops import sint
 from tinygrad.device import Compiled, DMAFdRef, BufferSpec
-from tinygrad.helpers import getenv, to_mv, round_up, data64_le, all_same, flatten, DEBUG, AMD_LLVM, PROFILE, ProfileEvent
+from tinygrad.helpers import getenv, to_mv, round_up, data64_le, all_same, flatten, DEBUG, AMD_LLVM, PROFILE, ProfileEvent, suppress_finalizing
 from tinygrad.renderer.cstyle import AMDRenderer
 from tinygrad.renderer.llvmir import AMDLLVMRenderer
 from tinygrad.runtime.autogen import kfd, hsa, pci, sqtt
@@ -473,11 +473,10 @@ class AMDAllocator(HCQAllocator['AMDDevice']):
   def _alloc(self, size:int, options:BufferSpec) -> HCQBuffer:
     return self.dev.iface.alloc(size, host=options.host, uncached=options.uncached, cpu_access=options.cpu_access)
 
+  @suppress_finalizing
   def _free(self, opaque, options:BufferSpec):
-    try:
-      self.dev.synchronize()
-      self.dev.iface.free(opaque)
-    except AttributeError: pass
+    self.dev.synchronize()
+    self.dev.iface.free(opaque)
 
   def _map(self, buf:HCQBuffer): return self.dev.iface.map(buf._base if buf._base is not None else buf)
 
@@ -593,7 +592,7 @@ class KFDIface:
 
   def free(self, mem):
     if len(mem.mapped_devs) > 0:
-      gpus = (ctypes.c_int32 * len(mem.mapped_devs))(*[x.gpu_id for x in mem.mapped_devs])
+      gpus = (ctypes.c_int32 * len(mem.mapped_devs))(*[x.iface.gpu_id for x in mem.mapped_devs])
       stm = kfd.AMDKFD_IOC_UNMAP_MEMORY_FROM_GPU(self.kfd, handle=mem.meta.handle, device_ids_array_ptr=ctypes.addressof(gpus), n_devices=len(gpus))
       assert stm.n_success == len(gpus)
     if mem.va_addr: FileIOInterface.munmap(mem.va_addr, mem.size)
diff --git a/tinygrad/runtime/ops_cuda.py b/tinygrad/runtime/ops_cuda.py
index 574c42e9fc..326ae84f01 100644
--- a/tinygrad/runtime/ops_cuda.py
+++ b/tinygrad/runtime/ops_cuda.py
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 import ctypes, ctypes.util, functools
-from tinygrad.helpers import DEBUG, getenv, mv_address, init_c_var, init_c_struct_t
+from tinygrad.helpers import DEBUG, getenv, mv_address, init_c_var, init_c_struct_t, suppress_finalizing
 from tinygrad.device import Compiled, BufferSpec, LRUAllocator
 from tinygrad.renderer.cstyle import CUDARenderer
 from tinygrad.renderer.ptx import PTXRenderer
@@ -45,9 +45,8 @@ class CUDAProgram:
     self.prg = prg
     if self.smem > 0: check(cuda.cuFuncSetAttribute(self.prg, cuda.CU_FUNC_ATTRIBUTE_MAX_DYNAMIC_SHARED_SIZE_BYTES, self.smem))
 
-  def __del__(self):
-    try: check(cuda.cuModuleUnload(self.module))
-    except AttributeError: pass
+  @suppress_finalizing
+  def __del__(self): check(cuda.cuModuleUnload(self.module))
 
   def __call__(self, *args, global_size:tuple[int,int,int]=(1,1,1), local_size:tuple[int,int,int]=(1,1,1), vals:tuple[int, ...]=(), wait=False):
     check(cuda.cuCtxSetCurrent(self.dev.context))
diff --git a/tinygrad/runtime/ops_gpu.py b/tinygrad/runtime/ops_gpu.py
index 3b9b1d6965..c9ebb338c6 100644
--- a/tinygrad/runtime/ops_gpu.py
+++ b/tinygrad/runtime/ops_gpu.py
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ from __future__ import annotations
 from typing import cast
 import ctypes, functools, hashlib
 from tinygrad.runtime.autogen import opencl as cl
-from tinygrad.helpers import init_c_var, to_char_p_p, from_mv, OSX, DEBUG, getenv, mv_address
+from tinygrad.helpers import init_c_var, to_char_p_p, from_mv, OSX, DEBUG, getenv, mv_address, suppress_finalizing
 from tinygrad.renderer.cstyle import OpenCLRenderer, IntelRenderer
 from tinygrad.device import BufferSpec, LRUAllocator, Compiled, Compiler, CompileError
 
@@ -69,9 +69,8 @@ class CLAllocator(LRUAllocator['CLDevice']):
                                         cl.cl_image_format(cl.CL_RGBA, {2: cl.CL_HALF_FLOAT, 4: cl.CL_FLOAT}[options.image.itemsize]),
                                         options.image.shape[1], options.image.shape[0], 0, None, status := ctypes.c_int32()), status), options)
     return (checked(cl.clCreateBuffer(self.dev.context, cl.CL_MEM_READ_WRITE, size, None, status := ctypes.c_int32()), status), options)
-  def _free(self, opaque:tuple[ctypes._CData, BufferSpec], options:BufferSpec):
-    try: check(cl.clReleaseMemObject(opaque[0]))
-    except AttributeError: pass
+  @suppress_finalizing
+  def _free(self, opaque:tuple[ctypes._CData, BufferSpec], options:BufferSpec): check(cl.clReleaseMemObject(opaque[0]))
   def _copyin(self, dest:tuple[ctypes._CData, BufferSpec], src:memoryview):
     if dest[1].image is not None:
       check(cl.clEnqueueWriteImage(self.dev.queue, dest[0], False, (ctypes.c_size_t * 3)(0,0,0),
diff --git a/tinygrad/runtime/ops_nv.py b/tinygrad/runtime/ops_nv.py
index ebb459bdf2..81dbbd3715 100644
--- a/tinygrad/runtime/ops_nv.py
+++ b/tinygrad/runtime/ops_nv.py
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ from tinygrad.runtime.support.hcq import HCQCompiled, HCQAllocator, HCQBuffer, H
 from tinygrad.runtime.support.hcq import MMIOInterface, FileIOInterface, MOCKGPU
 from tinygrad.uop.ops import sint
 from tinygrad.device import BufferSpec
-from tinygrad.helpers import getenv, mv_address, round_up, data64, data64_le, prod, OSX, to_mv, hi32, lo32
+from tinygrad.helpers import getenv, mv_address, round_up, data64, data64_le, prod, OSX, to_mv, hi32, lo32, suppress_finalizing
 from tinygrad.renderer.ptx import PTXRenderer
 from tinygrad.renderer.cstyle import NVRenderer
 from tinygrad.runtime.support.compiler_cuda import CUDACompiler, PTXCompiler, PTX, NVPTXCompiler, NVCompiler
@@ -276,11 +276,10 @@ class NVAllocator(HCQAllocator['NVDevice']):
   def _alloc(self, size:int, options:BufferSpec) -> HCQBuffer:
     return self.dev.iface.alloc(size, cpu_access=options.cpu_access, host=options.host)
 
+  @suppress_finalizing
   def _free(self, opaque:HCQBuffer, options:BufferSpec):
-    try:
-      self.dev.synchronize()
-      self.dev.iface.free(opaque)
-    except AttributeError: pass
+    self.dev.synchronize()
+    self.dev.iface.free(opaque)
 
   def _map(self, buf:HCQBuffer): return self.dev.iface.map(buf._base if buf._base is not None else buf)
 
diff --git a/tinygrad/runtime/ops_webgpu.py b/tinygrad/runtime/ops_webgpu.py
index 1386c963cf..eef0a5cc30 100644
--- a/tinygrad/runtime/ops_webgpu.py
+++ b/tinygrad/runtime/ops_webgpu.py
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import functools, struct
 from tinygrad.device import  Compiled, Allocator, Compiler, BufferSpec
 from tinygrad.renderer.wgsl import WGSLRenderer
-from tinygrad.helpers import round_up
+from tinygrad.helpers import round_up, suppress_finalizing
 from tinygrad.runtime.autogen import webgpu
 from typing import List, Any, TypeAlias
 import ctypes
@@ -188,9 +188,8 @@ class WebGpuAllocator(Allocator['WGPUDevPtr']):
   def _copyout(self, dest:memoryview, src:WGPUBufPtr):
     buffer_data = read_buffer(self.dev, src)
     dest[:] = buffer_data[:dest.nbytes] if webgpu.wgpuBufferGetSize(src)  > dest.nbytes else buffer_data
-  def _free(self, opaque:WGPUBufPtr, options:BufferSpec):
-    try: webgpu.wgpuBufferDestroy(opaque)
-    except AttributeError: pass
+  @suppress_finalizing
+  def _free(self, opaque:WGPUBufPtr, options:BufferSpec): webgpu.wgpuBufferDestroy(opaque)
 
 class WebGpuDevice(Compiled):
   def __init__(self, device:str):

From e847677e8af423f0e755d9778aa9c3e6336fa4d5 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: chenyu <chenyu@fastmail.com>
Date: Thu, 31 Jul 2025 10:07:33 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 07/15] use AxisType in search instead of colors (#11452)

---
 tinygrad/opt/search.py | 8 ++++----
 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/tinygrad/opt/search.py b/tinygrad/opt/search.py
index 22fc4713fe..be914cb703 100644
--- a/tinygrad/opt/search.py
+++ b/tinygrad/opt/search.py
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ from typing import cast, Callable
 import itertools, functools, random, math, time, multiprocessing, traceback, signal, atexit
 from collections import defaultdict
 from dataclasses import replace
-from tinygrad.uop.ops import UOp, Ops, Variable, sym_infer
+from tinygrad.uop.ops import UOp, Ops, Variable, sym_infer, AxisType
 from tinygrad.device import Device, Buffer, Compiler
 from tinygrad.helpers import prod, flatten, DEBUG, CACHELEVEL, diskcache_get, diskcache_put, getenv, Context, colored, time_to_str
 from tinygrad.helpers import IGNORE_BEAM_CACHE, TC_SEARCH_OVER_SHAPE
@@ -128,9 +128,9 @@ def get_kernel_actions(lin:Kernel, include_0=True, candidates:list[Opt]|None=Non
     try:
       lin2.apply_opt(a)
       up, lcl, tc_up = 1, 1, prod(tc.dims)//tc.threads if (tc:=lin2.tensor_core) else 1
-      for s,c in zip(lin2.full_shape, lin2.colors()):
-        if c in {"magenta", "yellow"}: up *= s
-        elif c in {"cyan", "green", "white"}: lcl *= s
+      for s,c in zip(lin2.full_shape, lin2.axis_types):
+        if c in (AxisType.UPCAST, AxisType.UNROLL): up *= s
+        elif c in (AxisType.LOCAL, AxisType.GROUP_REDUCE): lcl *= s
       if up//tc_up > max_up or lcl > max_lcl:
         if getenv("BEAM_LOG_SURPASS_MAX"): print(f"too many upcast/local. {up//tc_up=}, {max_up=}, {lcl=}, {max_lcl=}")
         continue

From bad3cf573114f577ac24c46aa17ef276ad798d2b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: qazal <77887910+Qazalin@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Fri, 1 Aug 2025 01:59:26 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 08/15] viz: add LLVM machine code analysis (#11421)

* start

* works everywhere

* add viz api

* utilization table

* reg pressure ui

* use llvm-mca

* llvm-mca ui

* work

* cleanup

* cycle through, defaults are enough

* x86 pending

* x86 nops

* get mcpu/mtriple from autogen

* cleanup server diff

* move parser to python

* normalize to pct of max

* segments legend

* imports

* also monospace

* max comes from the total per instruction

* base on the value
---
 tinygrad/viz/index.html  | 38 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++--
 tinygrad/viz/js/index.js | 48 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++----
 tinygrad/viz/serve.py    | 27 +++++++++++++++++++---
 3 files changed, 104 insertions(+), 9 deletions(-)

diff --git a/tinygrad/viz/index.html b/tinygrad/viz/index.html
index f25e65bcdc..f4cc3527ec 100644
--- a/tinygrad/viz/index.html
+++ b/tinygrad/viz/index.html
@@ -239,6 +239,8 @@
     padding: 0 8px;
     width: 100%;
     height: 100%;
+    max-height: 100vh;
+    overflow-x: auto;
   }
   .raw-text code {
     max-height: none !important;
@@ -247,8 +249,6 @@
     width: 100%;
     border-collapse: separate;
     border-spacing: 0;
-    border-radius: 8px;
-    overflow: hidden;
     background-color: #1a1b26;
     color: #f0f0f5;
     font-size: 0.95em;
@@ -269,6 +269,40 @@
   tr.main-row > td, tr.sub-row > td {
     padding: 8px 12px;
   }
+  tr.code-row > td:first-child {
+    font-family: monospace;
+  }
+  td.pct-row > div {
+    height: 12px;
+    width: 100%;
+    display: flex;
+  }
+  td.pct-row > div > div {
+    height: 100%;
+  }
+  thead {
+    position: sticky;
+    top: 0;
+    z-index: 10;
+    background-color: #20222e;
+  }
+  thead th {
+    text-align: left;
+    padding: 10px 12px;
+    font-weight: 600;
+    border-bottom: 1px solid #3a3d52;
+    font-size: 0.95em;
+    letter-spacing: 0.03em;
+  }
+  .legend {
+    display: flex;
+    align-items: center;
+  }
+  .legend > div {
+    width: 0.95em;
+    height: 0.95em;
+    margin-right: 4px;
+  }
   </style>
 </head>
 <body>
diff --git a/tinygrad/viz/js/index.js b/tinygrad/viz/js/index.js
index 1a8a1a16d3..cb6ff462e0 100644
--- a/tinygrad/viz/js/index.js
+++ b/tinygrad/viz/js/index.js
@@ -114,6 +114,7 @@ const devColors = {"TINY":["rgb(27 87 69)", "rgb(53 79 82)", "rgb(53 79 82)", "r
 const bufColors = ["#3A57B7","#5066C1","#6277CD","#7488D8","#8A9BE3","#A3B4F2"];
 
 const lighten = (rgb, depth, step=0.08) => rgb.replace(/\d+/g, n => Math.round(parseInt(n)+(255-parseInt(n)) * Math.min(1, depth*step)));
+const segmentColors = ["#ff8080", "#F4A261", "#C8F9D4", "#8D99AE", "#F4A261", "#ffffa2", "#ffffc0", "#87CEEB"];
 
 var profileRet, focusedDevice, canvasZoom, zoomLevel = d3.zoomIdentity;
 async function renderProfiler() {
@@ -377,11 +378,16 @@ function codeBlock(st, language, { loc, wrap }={}) {
   return ret;
 }
 
-function appendRow(table, name, value, unit, cls) {
+function appendTd(tr, value, unit=null) {
+  const fmt = (typeof value === "number" && !Number.isInteger(value)) ? value.toFixed(2) : value;
+  tr.appendChild(document.createElement("td")).innerText = unit == "us" ? formatTime(value) : fmt+(unit ?? "");
+}
+
+function appendRow(table, name, value, unit=null, cls="main-row") {
   const tr = table.appendChild(document.createElement("tr"));
   tr.className = cls;
   tr.appendChild(document.createElement("td")).innerText = name;
-  tr.appendChild(document.createElement("td")).innerText = unit === "us" ? formatTime(value) : value.toFixed(2)+(unit != null ? " "+unit : "%");
+  appendTd(tr, value, unit);
   return tr;
 }
 
@@ -495,10 +501,44 @@ async function main() {
   if (ckey.startsWith("/disasm")) {
     if (!(ckey in cache)) cache[ckey] = ret = await (await fetch(ckey)).json();
     displayGraph("profiler");
-    document.querySelector(".metadata").innerHTML = "";
     const root = document.createElement("div");
     root.className = "raw-text";
-    root.appendChild(codeBlock(ret.src, "x86asm"));
+    const metadata = document.querySelector(".metadata");
+    metadata.innerHTML = "";
+    // detailed assembly view
+    if (ret.cols != null) {
+      const asm = root.appendChild(document.createElement("table"));
+      const thead = asm.appendChild(document.createElement("thead"));
+      const usage = {};
+      for (const c of ret.cols) thead.appendChild(document.createElement("th")).innerText = c;
+      for (const r of ret.rows) {
+        const tr = asm.appendChild(document.createElement("tr"));
+        tr.className = "main-row code-row";
+        for (const d of Object.values(r.data)) appendTd(tr, d);
+        const segmentsTd = tr.appendChild(document.createElement("td"));
+        segmentsTd.className = "pct-row";
+        const usageBar = segmentsTd.appendChild(document.createElement("div"));
+        for (const [k, {width, value}] of Object.entries(r.segs)) {
+          const seg = usageBar.appendChild(document.createElement("div"));
+          seg.style.width = width+"%";
+          seg.title = `${ret.segments[k]} ${value}`;
+          seg.style.background = segmentColors[parseInt(k)%segmentColors.length];
+          if (!(k in usage)) usage[k] = 0;
+          usage[k] += value;
+        }
+      }
+      const summary = metadata.appendChild(document.createElement("table"));
+      for (const [i,s] of ret.segments.entries()) {
+        const tr = summary.appendChild(document.createElement("tr"));
+        tr.className = "main-row";
+        const td = tr.appendChild(document.createElement("td"));
+        const div = td.appendChild(document.createElement("div"));
+        div.className = "legend";
+        div.appendChild(document.createElement("div")).style.background = segmentColors[i%segmentColors.length];
+        div.appendChild(document.createElement("p")).textContent = s;
+        appendTd(tr, usage[i] ?? 0);
+      }
+    } else root.appendChild(codeBlock(ret.src, "x86asm"));
     return document.querySelector(".profiler").replaceChildren(root);
   }
   // ** UOp view (default)
diff --git a/tinygrad/viz/serve.py b/tinygrad/viz/serve.py
index e0c60f1d37..023d1c2fd0 100755
--- a/tinygrad/viz/serve.py
+++ b/tinygrad/viz/serve.py
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python3
 import multiprocessing, pickle, difflib, os, threading, json, time, sys, webbrowser, socket, argparse, socketserver, functools, codecs, io
+import subprocess, ctypes
 from contextlib import redirect_stdout
 from decimal import Decimal
 from http.server import BaseHTTPRequestHandler
@@ -187,9 +188,29 @@ def get_runtime_stats(key) -> list[dict]:
 
 def get_disassembly(ctx:list[str]):
   if not isinstance(prg:=contexts[0][int(ctx[0])].ret, ProgramSpec): return
-  lib = Device[prg.device].compiler.compile(prg.src)
-  with redirect_stdout(buf:=io.StringIO()): Device[prg.device].compiler.disassemble(lib)
-  return json.dumps({"src":buf.getvalue()}).encode()
+  lib = (compiler:=Device[prg.device].compiler).compile(prg.src)
+  with redirect_stdout(buf:=io.StringIO()): compiler.disassemble(lib)
+  disasm_str = buf.getvalue()
+  from tinygrad.runtime.ops_llvm import llvm, LLVMCompiler
+  if isinstance(compiler, LLVMCompiler):
+    mtriple = ctypes.string_at(llvm.LLVMGetTargetMachineTriple(tm:=compiler.target_machine)).decode()
+    mcpu = ctypes.string_at(llvm.LLVMGetTargetMachineCPU(tm)).decode()
+    # NOTE: llvm-objdump may contain headers, skip if llvm-mca can't parse those lines
+    data = json.loads(subprocess.check_output(["llvm-mca", f"-mtriple={mtriple}", f"-mcpu={mcpu}", "-skip-unsupported-instructions=parse-failure",
+                                               "--json", "-"], input=disasm_str.encode()))
+    cr = data["CodeRegions"][0]
+    instrs:list = [{"data":[rep], "segs":{}} for rep in cr["Instructions"]]
+    for i,info in enumerate(cr["InstructionInfoView"]["InstructionList"]): instrs[i]["data"].append(info["Latency"])
+    for d in cr["ResourcePressureView"]["ResourcePressureInfo"]:
+      i, r = d["InstructionIndex"], d["ResourceIndex"]
+      if i>len(instrs)-1: continue
+      instrs[i]["segs"][r] = instrs[i]["segs"].get(r, 0)+d["ResourceUsage"]
+    # rescale segment width to 0-100
+    if instrs:
+      hi = max([sum(ins["segs"].values()) for ins in instrs])
+      for n in instrs: n["segs"] = {k:{"width":v/hi*100, "value":v} for k,v in n["segs"].items()}
+    return json.dumps({"rows":instrs, "cols":["Opcode", "Latency", "HW Resources"], "segments":data["TargetInfo"]["Resources"]}).encode()
+  return json.dumps({"src":disasm_str}).encode()
 
 # ** HTTP server
 

From e5b6149dfb9adc0e39e276329b4979b4e22d736b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: nimlgen <138685161+nimlgen@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Thu, 31 Jul 2025 23:26:33 +0300
Subject: [PATCH 09/15] more typing in drivers (#11454)

* more typing in drivers

* rm
---
 tinygrad/runtime/support/am/ip.py    | 16 ++++++------
 tinygrad/runtime/support/nv/ip.py    | 39 ++++++++++++++--------------
 tinygrad/runtime/support/nv/nvdev.py | 10 +++----
 3 files changed, 33 insertions(+), 32 deletions(-)

diff --git a/tinygrad/runtime/support/am/ip.py b/tinygrad/runtime/support/am/ip.py
index 4878f8582b..15236c047d 100644
--- a/tinygrad/runtime/support/am/ip.py
+++ b/tinygrad/runtime/support/am/ip.py
@@ -169,12 +169,12 @@ class AM_SMU(AM_IP):
       self._send_msg(self.smu_mod.PPSMC_MSG_SetSoftMinByFreq, clck << 16 | (vals[level]))
       self._send_msg(self.smu_mod.PPSMC_MSG_SetSoftMaxByFreq, clck << 16 | (vals[level]))
 
-  def _smu_cmn_send_msg(self, msg, param=0, debug=False):
+  def _smu_cmn_send_msg(self, msg:int, param=0, debug=False):
     (self.adev.mmMP1_SMN_C2PMSG_90 if not debug else self.adev.mmMP1_SMN_C2PMSG_54).write(0) # resp reg
     (self.adev.mmMP1_SMN_C2PMSG_82 if not debug else self.adev.mmMP1_SMN_C2PMSG_53).write(param)
     (self.adev.mmMP1_SMN_C2PMSG_66 if not debug else self.adev.mmMP1_SMN_C2PMSG_75).write(msg)
 
-  def _send_msg(self, msg, param, read_back_arg=False, timeout=10000, debug=False): # 10s
+  def _send_msg(self, msg:int, param:int, read_back_arg=False, timeout=10000, debug=False): # default timeout is 10 seconds
     self._smu_cmn_send_msg(msg, param, debug=debug)
     wait_cond(lambda: (self.adev.mmMP1_SMN_C2PMSG_90 if not debug else self.adev.mmMP1_SMN_C2PMSG_54).read(), value=1, timeout_ms=timeout,
       msg=f"SMU msg {msg:#x} timeout")
@@ -414,12 +414,12 @@ class AM_PSP(AM_IP):
 
   def _wait_for_bootloader(self): wait_cond(lambda: self.adev.reg(f"{self.reg_pref}_35").read() & 0x80000000, value=0x80000000, msg="BL not ready")
 
-  def _prep_msg1(self, data):
+  def _prep_msg1(self, data:memoryview):
     assert len(data) <= self.msg1_view.nbytes, f"msg1 buffer is too small {len(data):#x} > {self.msg1_view.nbytes:#x}"
     self.msg1_view[:len(data)+4] = bytes(data) + b'\x00' * 4
     self.adev.gmc.flush_hdp()
 
-  def _bootloader_load_component(self, fw, compid):
+  def _bootloader_load_component(self, fw:int, compid:int):
     if fw not in self.adev.fw.sos_fw: return 0
 
     self._wait_for_bootloader()
@@ -458,7 +458,7 @@ class AM_PSP(AM_IP):
 
     wait_cond(lambda: self.adev.reg(f"{self.reg_pref}_64").read() & 0x8000FFFF, value=0x80000000, msg="sOS ring not created")
 
-  def _ring_submit(self, cmd):
+  def _ring_submit(self, cmd:am.struct_psp_gfx_cmd_resp) -> am.struct_psp_gfx_cmd_resp:
     msg = am.struct_psp_gfx_rb_frame(fence_value=(prev_wptr:=self.adev.reg(f"{self.reg_pref}_67").read()),
       cmd_buf_addr_lo=lo32(self.adev.paddr2mc(self.cmd_paddr)), cmd_buf_addr_hi=hi32(self.adev.paddr2mc(self.cmd_paddr)),
       fence_addr_lo=lo32(self.adev.paddr2mc(self.fence_paddr)), fence_addr_hi=hi32(self.adev.paddr2mc(self.fence_paddr)))
@@ -477,7 +477,7 @@ class AM_PSP(AM_IP):
 
     return resp
 
-  def _load_ip_fw_cmd(self, fw_types, fw_bytes):
+  def _load_ip_fw_cmd(self, fw_types:list[int], fw_bytes:memoryview):
     self._prep_msg1(fw_bytes)
     for fw_type in fw_types:
       if DEBUG >= 2: print(f"am {self.adev.devfmt}: loading fw: {am.psp_gfx_fw_type__enumvalues[fw_type]}")
@@ -487,7 +487,7 @@ class AM_PSP(AM_IP):
       cmd.cmd.cmd_load_ip_fw.fw_type = fw_type
       self._ring_submit(cmd)
 
-  def _tmr_load_cmd(self):
+  def _tmr_load_cmd(self) -> am.struct_psp_gfx_cmd_resp:
     cmd = am.struct_psp_gfx_cmd_resp(cmd_id=am.GFX_CMD_ID_SETUP_TMR)
     cmd.cmd.cmd_setup_tmr.buf_phy_addr_hi, cmd.cmd.cmd_setup_tmr.buf_phy_addr_lo = data64(self.adev.paddr2mc(self.tmr_paddr))
     cmd.cmd.cmd_setup_tmr.system_phy_addr_hi, cmd.cmd.cmd_setup_tmr.system_phy_addr_lo = data64(self.tmr_paddr)
@@ -495,7 +495,7 @@ class AM_PSP(AM_IP):
     cmd.cmd.cmd_setup_tmr.buf_size = self.tmr_size
     return self._ring_submit(cmd)
 
-  def _load_toc_cmd(self, toc_size):
+  def _load_toc_cmd(self, toc_size:int) -> am.struct_psp_gfx_cmd_resp:
     cmd = am.struct_psp_gfx_cmd_resp(cmd_id=am.GFX_CMD_ID_LOAD_TOC)
     cmd.cmd.cmd_load_toc.toc_phy_addr_hi, cmd.cmd.cmd_load_toc.toc_phy_addr_lo = data64(self.msg1_addr)
     cmd.cmd.cmd_load_toc.toc_size = toc_size
diff --git a/tinygrad/runtime/support/nv/ip.py b/tinygrad/runtime/support/nv/ip.py
index bae8e0cbe9..eb4867dc38 100644
--- a/tinygrad/runtime/support/nv/ip.py
+++ b/tinygrad/runtime/support/nv/ip.py
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 import ctypes, time, array, struct, itertools, dataclasses
-from typing import cast
+from typing import cast, Any
 from tinygrad.runtime.autogen.nv import nv
 from tinygrad.helpers import to_mv, lo32, hi32, DEBUG, round_up, round_down, mv_address, fetch, wait_cond
 from tinygrad.runtime.support.system import System
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ from tinygrad.runtime.support.elf import elf_loader
 from tinygrad.runtime.autogen import nv_gpu
 
 @dataclasses.dataclass(frozen=True)
-class GRBufDesc: size:int; v:int; p:int; lc:int=0 # noqa: E702
+class GRBufDesc: size:int; virt:bool; phys:bool; local:bool=False # noqa: E702
 
 class NV_IP:
   def __init__(self, nvdev): self.nvdev = nvdev
@@ -26,13 +26,13 @@ class NVRpcQueue:
     self.gsp, self.va, self.queue_va, self.seq = gsp, va, va + self.tx.entryOff, 0
     self.queue_mv = to_mv(self.queue_va, self.tx.msgSize * self.tx.msgCount)
 
-  def _checksum(self, data):
+  def _checksum(self, data:bytes):
     if (pad_len:=(-len(data)) % 8): data += b'\x00' * pad_len
     checksum = 0
     for offset in range(0, len(data), 8): checksum ^= struct.unpack_from('Q', data, offset)[0]
     return hi32(checksum) ^ lo32(checksum)
 
-  def send_rpc(self, func, msg, wait=False):
+  def send_rpc(self, func:int, msg:bytes, wait=False):
     header = nv.rpc_message_header_v(signature=nv.NV_VGPU_MSG_SIGNATURE_VALID, rpc_result=nv.NV_VGPU_MSG_RESULT_RPC_PENDING,
       rpc_result_private=nv.NV_VGPU_MSG_RESULT_RPC_PENDING, header_version=(3<<24), function=func, length=len(msg) + 0x20)
 
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ class NVRpcQueue:
     self.seq += 1
     self.gsp.nvdev.NV_PGSP_QUEUE_HEAD[0].write(0x0)
 
-  def wait_resp(self, cmd) -> memoryview:
+  def wait_resp(self, cmd:int) -> memoryview:
     while True:
       System.memory_barrier()
       if self.rx.readPtr == self.tx.writePtr: continue
@@ -177,7 +177,7 @@ class NV_FLCN(NV_IP):
     self.nvdev.NV_PFALCON_FALCON_OS.with_base(self.falcon).write(0x0)
     assert self.nvdev.NV_PRISCV_RISCV_CPUCTL.with_base(self.falcon).read_bitfields()['active_stat'] == 1, "GSP Core is not active"
 
-  def execute_dma(self, base, cmd, dest, mem_off, sysmem, size):
+  def execute_dma(self, base:int, cmd:int, dest:int, mem_off:int, sysmem:int, size:int):
     wait_cond(lambda: self.nvdev.NV_PFALCON_FALCON_DMATRFCMD.with_base(base).read_bitfields()['full'], value=0, msg="DMA does not progress")
 
     self.nvdev.NV_PFALCON_FALCON_DMATRFBASE.with_base(base).write(lo32(sysmem >> 8))
@@ -194,7 +194,7 @@ class NV_FLCN(NV_IP):
 
     wait_cond(lambda: self.nvdev.NV_PFALCON_FALCON_DMATRFCMD.with_base(base).read_bitfields()['idle'], msg="DMA does not complete")
 
-  def start_cpu(self, base):
+  def start_cpu(self, base:int):
     if self.nvdev.NV_PFALCON_FALCON_CPUCTL.with_base(base).read_bitfields()['alias_en'] == 1:
       self.nvdev.wreg(base + self.nvdev.NV_PFALCON_FALCON_CPUCTL_ALIAS, 0x2)
     else: self.nvdev.NV_PFALCON_FALCON_CPUCTL.with_base(base).write(startcpu=1)
@@ -232,11 +232,11 @@ class NV_FLCN(NV_IP):
     if mailbox is not None:
       return self.nvdev.NV_PFALCON_FALCON_MAILBOX0.with_base(base).read(), self.nvdev.NV_PFALCON_FALCON_MAILBOX1.with_base(base).read()
 
-  def disable_ctx_req(self, base):
+  def disable_ctx_req(self, base:int):
     self.nvdev.NV_PFALCON_FBIF_CTL.with_base(base).update(allow_phys_no_ctx=1)
     self.nvdev.NV_PFALCON_FALCON_DMACTL.with_base(base).write(0x0)
 
-  def reset(self, base, riscv=False):
+  def reset(self, base:int, riscv=False):
     engine_reg = self.nvdev.NV_PGSP_FALCON_ENGINE if base == self.falcon else self.nvdev.NV_PSEC_FALCON_ENGINE
     engine_reg.write(reset=1)
     time.sleep(0.1)
@@ -408,10 +408,10 @@ class NV_GSP(NV_IP):
       assert self.nvdev.flcn.frts_offset == m.frtsOffset, f"FRTS mismatch: {self.nvdev.flcn.frts_offset} != {m.frtsOffset}"
     self.wpr_meta, self.wpr_meta_sysmem = self.nvdev._alloc_boot_struct(m)
 
-  def promote_ctx(self, client, subdevice, obj, ctxbufs, bufs=None, virt=None, phys=None):
+  def promote_ctx(self, client:int, subdevice:int, obj:int, ctxbufs:dict[int, GRBufDesc], bufs=None, virt=None, phys=None):
     res, prom = {}, nv_gpu.NV2080_CTRL_GPU_PROMOTE_CTX_PARAMS(entryCount=len(ctxbufs), engineType=0x1, hChanClient=client, hObject=obj)
     for i,(buf,desc) in enumerate(ctxbufs.items()):
-      use_v, use_p = (desc.v if virt is None else virt), (desc.p if phys is None else phys)
+      use_v, use_p = (desc.virt if virt is None else virt), (desc.phys if phys is None else phys)
       x = (bufs or {}).get(buf, self.nvdev.mm.valloc(desc.size, contiguous=True)) # allocate buffers
       prom.promoteEntry[i] = nv_gpu.NV2080_CTRL_GPU_PROMOTE_CTX_BUFFER_ENTRY(bufferId=buf, gpuVirtAddr=x.va_addr if use_v else 0, bInitialize=use_p,
         gpuPhysAddr=x.paddrs[0][0] if use_p else 0, size=desc.size if use_p else 0, physAttr=0x4 if use_p else 0, bNonmapped=(use_p and not use_v))
@@ -449,10 +449,11 @@ class NV_GSP(NV_IP):
     gr_size = _ctx_info(nv_gpu.NV0080_CTRL_FIFO_GET_ENGINE_CONTEXT_PROPERTIES_ENGINE_ID_GRAPHICS, add=0x40000)
     patch_size = _ctx_info(nv_gpu.NV0080_CTRL_FIFO_GET_ENGINE_CONTEXT_PROPERTIES_ENGINE_ID_GRAPHICS_PATCH)
     cfgs_sizes = {x: _ctx_info(x + 14, align=(2 << 20) if x == 5 else None) for x in range(3, 11)} # indices 3–10 are mapped to 17–24
-    self.grctx_bufs = {0: GRBufDesc(gr_size, p=1, v=1), 1: GRBufDesc(patch_size, p=1, v=1, lc=1), 2: GRBufDesc(patch_size, p=1, v=1),
-      **{x: GRBufDesc(cfgs_sizes[x], p=0, v=1) for x in range(3, 7)}, 9: GRBufDesc(cfgs_sizes[9], p=1, v=1),
-      10: GRBufDesc(cfgs_sizes[10], p=1, v=0), 11: GRBufDesc(cfgs_sizes[10], p=1, v=1)} # NOTE: 11 reuses cfgs_sizes[10]
-    self.promote_ctx(self.priv_root, subdev, ch_gpfifo, {k:v for k, v in self.grctx_bufs.items() if v.lc == 0})
+    self.grctx_bufs = {0: GRBufDesc(gr_size, phys=True, virt=True), 1: GRBufDesc(patch_size, phys=True, virt=True, local=True),
+      2: GRBufDesc(patch_size, phys=True, virt=True), **{x: GRBufDesc(cfgs_sizes[x], phys=False, virt=True) for x in range(3, 7)},
+      9: GRBufDesc(cfgs_sizes[9], phys=True, virt=True), 10: GRBufDesc(cfgs_sizes[10], phys=True, virt=False),
+      11: GRBufDesc(cfgs_sizes[10], phys=True, virt=True)} # NOTE: 11 reuses cfgs_sizes[10]
+    self.promote_ctx(self.priv_root, subdev, ch_gpfifo, {k:v for k, v in self.grctx_bufs.items() if not v.local})
 
     self.rpc_rm_alloc(hParent=ch_gpfifo, hClass=self.compute_class, params=None)
     self.rpc_rm_alloc(hParent=ch_gpfifo, hClass=self.dma_class, params=None)
@@ -473,7 +474,7 @@ class NV_GSP(NV_IP):
 
   ### RPCs
 
-  def rpc_rm_alloc(self, hParent, hClass, params, client=None) -> int:
+  def rpc_rm_alloc(self, hParent:int, hClass:int, params:Any, client=None) -> int:
     if hClass == self.gpfifo_class:
       ramfc_alloc = self.nvdev.mm.valloc(0x1000, contiguous=True)
       params.ramfcMem = nv_gpu.NV_MEMORY_DESC_PARAMS(base=ramfc_alloc.paddrs[0][0], size=0x200, addressSpace=2, cacheAttrib=0)
@@ -499,7 +500,7 @@ class NV_GSP(NV_IP):
       self.promote_ctx(client, self.subdevice, hParent, {k:v for k,v in self.grctx_bufs.items() if k in [0, 1, 2]}, phys_gr_ctx, phys=False)
     return obj if hClass != nv_gpu.NV1_ROOT else client
 
-  def rpc_rm_control(self, hObject, cmd, params, client=None):
+  def rpc_rm_control(self, hObject:int, cmd:int, params:Any, client=None):
     control_args = nv.rpc_gsp_rm_control_v(hClient=(client:=client or self.priv_root), hObject=hObject, cmd=cmd, flags=0x0,
       paramsSize=ctypes.sizeof(params) if params is not None else 0x0)
     self.cmd_q.send_rpc(nv.NV_VGPU_MSG_FUNCTION_GSP_RM_CONTROL, bytes(control_args) + (bytes(params) if params is not None else b''))
@@ -511,7 +512,7 @@ class NV_GSP(NV_IP):
       cast(nv_gpu.NVC36F_CTRL_CMD_GPFIFO_GET_WORK_SUBMIT_TOKEN_PARAMS, st).workSubmitToken |= (1 << 30)
     return st
 
-  def rpc_set_page_directory(self, device, hVASpace, pdir_paddr, client=None, pasid=0xffffffff):
+  def rpc_set_page_directory(self, device:int, hVASpace:int, pdir_paddr:int, client=None, pasid=0xffffffff):
     params = nv.struct_NV0080_CTRL_DMA_SET_PAGE_DIRECTORY_PARAMS_v1E_05(physAddress=pdir_paddr,
       numEntries=self.nvdev.mm.pte_cnt[0], flags=0x8, hVASpace=hVASpace, pasid=pasid, subDeviceId=1, chId=0) # flags field is all channels.
     alloc_args = nv.rpc_set_page_directory_v(hClient=client or self.priv_root, hDevice=device, pasid=pasid, params=params)
@@ -544,7 +545,7 @@ class NV_GSP(NV_IP):
     header = nv.PACKED_REGISTRY_TABLE(size=hdr_size + len(entries_bytes) + len(data_bytes), numEntries=len(table))
     self.cmd_q.send_rpc(nv.NV_VGPU_MSG_FUNCTION_SET_REGISTRY, bytes(header) + entries_bytes + data_bytes)
 
-  def run_cpu_seq(self, seq_buf):
+  def run_cpu_seq(self, seq_buf:memoryview):
     hdr = nv.rpc_run_cpu_sequencer_v17_00.from_address(mv_address(seq_buf))
     cmd_iter = iter(seq_buf[ctypes.sizeof(nv.rpc_run_cpu_sequencer_v17_00):].cast('I')[:hdr.cmdIndex])
 
diff --git a/tinygrad/runtime/support/nv/nvdev.py b/tinygrad/runtime/support/nv/nvdev.py
index d5cd11382a..ce25760964 100644
--- a/tinygrad/runtime/support/nv/nvdev.py
+++ b/tinygrad/runtime/support/nv/nvdev.py
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ class NVMemoryManager(MemoryManager):
   def on_range_mapped(self): self.dev.NV_VIRTUAL_FUNCTION_PRIV_MMU_INVALIDATE.write((1 << 0) | (1 << 1) | (1 << 6) | (1 << 31))
 
 class NVDev(PCIDevImplBase):
-  def __init__(self, devfmt, mmio:MMIOInterface, vram:MMIOInterface, venid:int, subvenid:int, rev:int, bars:dict):
+  def __init__(self, devfmt:str, mmio:MMIOInterface, vram:MMIOInterface, venid:int, subvenid:int, rev:int, bars:dict):
     self.devfmt, self.mmio, self.vram, self.venid, self.subvenid, self.rev, self.bars = devfmt, mmio, vram, venid, subvenid, rev, bars
     self.lock_fd = System.flock_acquire(f"nv_{self.devfmt}.lock")
 
@@ -101,10 +101,10 @@ class NVDev(PCIDevImplBase):
     for ip in [self.gsp, self.flcn]: ip.fini_hw()
 
   def reg(self, reg:str) -> NVReg: return self.__dict__[reg]
-  def wreg(self, addr, value):
+  def wreg(self, addr:int, value:int):
     self.mmio[addr // 4] = value
     if NV_DEBUG >= 4: print(f"wreg: {hex(addr)} = {hex(value)}")
-  def rreg(self, addr): return self.mmio[addr // 4]
+  def rreg(self, addr:int) -> int: return self.mmio[addr // 4]
 
   def _early_init(self):
     self.reg_names:set[str] = set()
@@ -134,12 +134,12 @@ class NVDev(PCIDevImplBase):
 
     self.vram_size = self.reg("NV_PGC6_AON_SECURE_SCRATCH_GROUP_42").read() << 20
 
-  def _alloc_boot_struct(self, struct):
+  def _alloc_boot_struct(self, struct:ctypes.Structure) -> tuple[ctypes.Structure, int]:
     va, paddrs = System.alloc_sysmem(sz:=ctypes.sizeof(type(struct)), contiguous=True)
     to_mv(va, sz)[:] = bytes(struct)
     return type(struct).from_address(va), paddrs[0]
 
-  def _download(self, file) -> str:
+  def _download(self, file:str) -> str:
     url = f"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/NVIDIA/open-gpu-kernel-modules/8ec351aeb96a93a4bb69ccc12a542bf8a8df2b6f/{file}"
     return fetch(url, subdir="defines").read_text()
 

From 056dabda5a920da342f6b1fe0a65b430d7ae8fbc Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: qazal <77887910+Qazalin@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Fri, 1 Aug 2025 05:17:50 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 10/15] viz: refactor to color scheme (#11455)

---
 tinygrad/viz/js/index.js | 21 ++++++++++-----------
 1 file changed, 10 insertions(+), 11 deletions(-)

diff --git a/tinygrad/viz/js/index.js b/tinygrad/viz/js/index.js
index cb6ff462e0..a390a83662 100644
--- a/tinygrad/viz/js/index.js
+++ b/tinygrad/viz/js/index.js
@@ -109,12 +109,11 @@ function formatTime(ts, dur=ts) {
 }
 const formatUnit = (d, unit="") => d3.format(".3~s")(d)+unit;
 
-const devColors = {"TINY":["rgb(27 87 69)", "rgb(53 79 82)", "rgb(53 79 82)", "rgb(70 172 194)", "rgb(29, 46, 98)"],
-                   "DEFAULT":["rgb(29,31,42)","rgb(42,45,61)","rgb(55,59,79)","rgb(68,72,98)","rgb(18,19,26)","rgb(47,50,68)","rgb(59,63,84)","rgb(74,78,101)","rgb(24,26,35)","rgb(35,37,50)","rgb(49,53,72)","rgb(64,68,89)"],}
-const bufColors = ["#3A57B7","#5066C1","#6277CD","#7488D8","#8A9BE3","#A3B4F2"];
-
-const lighten = (rgb, depth, step=0.08) => rgb.replace(/\d+/g, n => Math.round(parseInt(n)+(255-parseInt(n)) * Math.min(1, depth*step)));
-const segmentColors = ["#ff8080", "#F4A261", "#C8F9D4", "#8D99AE", "#F4A261", "#ffffa2", "#ffffc0", "#87CEEB"];
+const colorScheme = {TINY:["#1b5745", "#354f52", "#354f52", "#46acc2", "#1d2e62"],
+  DEFAULT:["#2b2e39", "#2c2f3a", "#31343f", "#323544", "#2d303a", "#2e313c", "#343746", "#353847", "#3c4050", "#404459", "#444862", "#4a4e65"],
+  BUFFER:["#3A57B7","#5066C1","#6277CD","#7488D8","#8A9BE3","#A3B4F2"],
+  CATEGORICAL:["#ff8080", "#F4A261", "#C8F9D4", "#8D99AE", "#F4A261", "#ffffa2", "#ffffc0", "#87CEEB"],}
+const cycleColors = (lst, i) => lst[i%lst.length];
 
 var profileRet, focusedDevice, canvasZoom, zoomLevel = d3.zoomIdentity;
 async function renderProfiler() {
@@ -154,10 +153,10 @@ async function renderProfiler() {
     for (const e of timeline.shapes) {
       if (e.depth === 0) colorKey = e.cat ?? e.name;
       if (!colorMap.has(colorKey)) {
-        const colors = devColors[k] ?? devColors.DEFAULT;
+        const colors = colorScheme[k] ?? colorScheme.DEFAULT;
         colorMap.set(colorKey, colors[colorMap.size%colors.length]);
       }
-      const fillColor = lighten(colorMap.get(colorKey), e.depth);
+      const fillColor = d3.color(colorMap.get(colorKey)).brighter(e.depth).toString();
       const label = parseColors(e.name).map(({ color, st }) => ({ color, st, width:ctx.measureText(st).width }));
       if (e.ref != null) ref = {ctx:e.ref, step:0};
       else if (ref != null) {
@@ -185,7 +184,7 @@ async function renderProfiler() {
       const y0 = e.y.map(yscale);
       const y1 = e.y.map(y => yscale(y+e.arg.nbytes));
       const arg = { tooltipText:`${e.arg.dtype} len:${formatUnit(e.arg.sz)}\n${formatUnit(e.arg.nbytes, "B")}` };
-      data.shapes.push({ x, y0, y1, arg, fillColor:bufColors[i%bufColors.length] });
+      data.shapes.push({ x, y0, y1, arg, fillColor:cycleColors(colorScheme.BUFFER, i) });
     }
     // lastly, adjust device rect by number of levels
     div.style.height = `${Math.max(levelHeight*timeline.maxDepth, baseHeight)+area+padding}px`;
@@ -522,7 +521,7 @@ async function main() {
           const seg = usageBar.appendChild(document.createElement("div"));
           seg.style.width = width+"%";
           seg.title = `${ret.segments[k]} ${value}`;
-          seg.style.background = segmentColors[parseInt(k)%segmentColors.length];
+          seg.style.background = cycleColors(colorScheme.CATEGORICAL, parseInt(k));
           if (!(k in usage)) usage[k] = 0;
           usage[k] += value;
         }
@@ -534,7 +533,7 @@ async function main() {
         const td = tr.appendChild(document.createElement("td"));
         const div = td.appendChild(document.createElement("div"));
         div.className = "legend";
-        div.appendChild(document.createElement("div")).style.background = segmentColors[i%segmentColors.length];
+        div.appendChild(document.createElement("div")).style.background = cycleColors(colorScheme.CATEGORICAL, i);
         div.appendChild(document.createElement("p")).textContent = s;
         appendTd(tr, usage[i] ?? 0);
       }

From fa66d9772de4abadc8e03e732408d848ce663a26 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: qazal <77887910+Qazalin@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Fri, 1 Aug 2025 06:01:58 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 11/15] viz: show const node when it's root (#11456)

---
 test/unit/test_viz.py | 10 ++++++++++
 tinygrad/viz/serve.py |  2 +-
 2 files changed, 11 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/test/unit/test_viz.py b/test/unit/test_viz.py
index 7b9ca46b73..e6a4ddefd6 100644
--- a/test/unit/test_viz.py
+++ b/test/unit/test_viz.py
@@ -138,6 +138,16 @@ class TestViz(BaseTestViz):
     nop = UOp(Ops.NOOP, arg="infinite loop in fixed_point_rewrite")
     self.assertEqual(graphs[2], uop_to_json(nop)[id(nop)])
 
+  def test_const_node_visibility(self):
+    a = UOp.variable("a", 0, 10)
+    z = UOp.const(dtypes.int, 0)
+    alu = a*z
+    exec_rewrite(alu, [sym])
+    graphs = [x["graph"] for x in get_details(tracked_ctxs[0][0])]
+    # embed const in the parent node when possible
+    self.assertEqual(list(graphs[0]), [id(a), id(alu)])
+    self.assertEqual(list(graphs[1]), [id(z)])
+
 # VIZ displays nested graph_rewrites in a tree view
 
 def leaf_rewrite(x:UOp): return x.rtag(1) if x.tag is None else None
diff --git a/tinygrad/viz/serve.py b/tinygrad/viz/serve.py
index 023d1c2fd0..0cb536962d 100755
--- a/tinygrad/viz/serve.py
+++ b/tinygrad/viz/serve.py
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ def uop_to_json(x:UOp) -> dict[int, dict]:
   excluded: set[UOp] = set()
   for u in (toposort:=x.toposort()):
     # always exclude DEVICE/CONST/UNIQUE
-    if u.op in {Ops.DEVICE, Ops.CONST, Ops.UNIQUE}: excluded.add(u)
+    if u.op in {Ops.DEVICE, Ops.CONST, Ops.UNIQUE} and u is not x: excluded.add(u)
     # only exclude CONST VIEW source if it has no other children in the graph
     if u.op is Ops.CONST and len(u.src) != 0 and all(cr.op is Ops.CONST for c in u.src[0].children if (cr:=c()) is not None and cr in toposort):
       excluded.update(u.src)

From 474ee9daa5fc25aefa2c19df16a871daa1ff3821 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: George Hotz <geohot@gmail.com>
Date: Thu, 31 Jul 2025 15:06:19 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 12/15] hotfix: add contiguous_backward to llama

---
 extra/models/llama.py | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/extra/models/llama.py b/extra/models/llama.py
index ecee88f64a..09907b964e 100644
--- a/extra/models/llama.py
+++ b/extra/models/llama.py
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ class TransformerBlock:
 
   def __call__(self, x:Tensor, start_pos:Union[Variable,int], freqs_cis:Tensor, mask:Optional[Tensor]):
     h = x + self.attention(self.attention_norm(x), start_pos, freqs_cis, mask)
-    return (h + self.feed_forward(self.ffn_norm(h))).contiguous()
+    return (h + self.feed_forward(self.ffn_norm(h))).contiguous().contiguous_backward()
 
 # standard openai sampling
 def sample(logits: Tensor, temp: float, k: int, p: float, af: float, ap: float):

From 3f742a5a7cd8e934d4295bb20b90d2633b3c28f2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: chenyu <chenyu@fastmail.com>
Date: Thu, 31 Jul 2025 16:06:18 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 13/15] comma space lab models benchmark (#11461)

---
 .github/workflows/benchmark.yml | 4 ++++
 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+)

diff --git a/.github/workflows/benchmark.yml b/.github/workflows/benchmark.yml
index 8285aa0270..a64c726f3a 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/benchmark.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/benchmark.yml
@@ -617,6 +617,10 @@ jobs:
       run: PYTHONPATH="." QCOM=1 taskset -c 4-7 python3 examples/openpilot/compile3.py https://github.com/commaai/openpilot/raw/e8bea2c78ffa92685ece511e9b554122aaf1a79d/selfdrive/modeld/models/supercombo.onnx
     - name: openpilot dmonitoring compile3 0.9.7
       run: PYTHONPATH="." QCOM=1 taskset -c 4-7 python3 examples/openpilot/compile3.py https://github.com/commaai/openpilot/raw/v0.9.7/selfdrive/modeld/models/dmonitoring_model.onnx
+    - name: openpilot compile3 Space Lab policy + vision
+      run: |
+        PYTHONPATH="." QCOM=1 taskset -c 4-7 python3 examples/openpilot/compile3.py https://gitlab.com/commaai/openpilot-lfs.git/gitlab-lfs/objects/22aec22a10ce09384d4a4af2a0bbff08d54af7e0c888503508f356fae4ff0e29
+        PYTHONPATH="." QCOM=1 taskset -c 4-7 python3 examples/openpilot/compile3.py https://gitlab.com/commaai/openpilot-lfs.git/gitlab-lfs/objects/c824f68646a3b94f117f01c70dc8316fb466e05fbd42ccdba440b8a8dc86914b
     - name: benchmark MobileNetV2 on DSP
       run: |
         # generate quantized weights

From 719827b95d4e620e2fa5424d1d0aeca3803a8e8c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: qazal <77887910+Qazalin@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Fri, 1 Aug 2025 07:12:30 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 14/15] viz: add flops / mem bw to device programs (#11459)

* viz: add flops / mem bw to device programs

* better spacing style
---
 tinygrad/viz/index.html  | 1 +
 tinygrad/viz/js/index.js | 2 +-
 tinygrad/viz/serve.py    | 9 ++++++---
 3 files changed, 8 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/tinygrad/viz/index.html b/tinygrad/viz/index.html
index f4cc3527ec..28a05fdaa3 100644
--- a/tinygrad/viz/index.html
+++ b/tinygrad/viz/index.html
@@ -223,6 +223,7 @@
     pointer-events: none;
     display: none;
     font-size: 10px;
+    white-space: pre;
   }
   #device-list > div {
     min-height: 32px;
diff --git a/tinygrad/viz/js/index.js b/tinygrad/viz/js/index.js
index a390a83662..5ed3bfc7f8 100644
--- a/tinygrad/viz/js/index.js
+++ b/tinygrad/viz/js/index.js
@@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ async function renderProfiler() {
         const stepIdx = ctxs[ref.ctx+1].steps.findIndex((s, i) => i >= start && s.name == e.name);
         ref = stepIdx === -1 ? null : {ctx:ref.ctx, step:stepIdx};
       }
-      const arg = { tooltipText:formatTime(e.dur), ...ref };
+      const arg = { tooltipText:formatTime(e.dur)+(e.info != null ? "\n"+e.info : ""), ...ref };
       // offset y by depth
       data.shapes.push({x:e.st-st, y:offsetY+levelHeight*e.depth, width:e.dur, height:levelHeight, arg, label, fillColor });
     }
diff --git a/tinygrad/viz/serve.py b/tinygrad/viz/serve.py
index 0cb536962d..6b3dc37177 100755
--- a/tinygrad/viz/serve.py
+++ b/tinygrad/viz/serve.py
@@ -126,12 +126,15 @@ def timeline_layout(events:list[tuple[int, int, float, DevEvent]]) -> dict:
     depth = next((i for i,level_et in enumerate(levels) if st>=level_et), len(levels))
     if depth < len(levels): levels[depth] = et
     else: levels.append(et)
-    name, cat = e.name, None
-    if (ref:=ref_map.get(name)) is not None: name = ctxs[ref]["name"]
+    name, cat, info = e.name, None, None
+    if (ref:=ref_map.get(name)) is not None:
+      name = ctxs[ref]["name"]
+      if isinstance(p:=contexts[0][ref].ret, ProgramSpec):
+        info = f"{p.estimates.ops/(t:=dur*1e3):.2f} GFLOPS {p.estimates.mem/t:4.1f}|{p.estimates.lds/t:.1f} GB/s"
     elif isinstance(e.name, TracingKey):
       name, cat = e.name.display_name, e.name.cat
       ref = next((v for k in e.name.keys if (v:=ref_map.get(k)) is not None), None)
-    shapes.append({"name":name, "ref":ref, "st":st, "dur":dur, "depth":depth, "cat":cat})
+    shapes.append({"name":name, "ref":ref, "st":st, "dur":dur, "depth":depth, "cat":cat, "info":info})
   return {"shapes":shapes, "maxDepth":len(levels)}
 
 def mem_layout(events:list[tuple[int, int, float, DevEvent]]) -> dict:

From 8ff03806e81970cf589c0aa3f3f9e90254caefa7 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: George Hotz <72895+geohot@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Thu, 31 Jul 2025 16:28:04 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 15/15] add llama layers (#11460)

* add llama layers

* add contig bw for speed
---
 examples/mlperf/model_train.py | 4 +++-
 extra/models/llama.py          | 4 +++-
 tinygrad/engine/realize.py     | 2 +-
 3 files changed, 7 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/examples/mlperf/model_train.py b/examples/mlperf/model_train.py
index deaa4271f8..e49f3071ee 100644
--- a/examples/mlperf/model_train.py
+++ b/examples/mlperf/model_train.py
@@ -1314,7 +1314,9 @@ def train_llama3():
 
   # TODO: confirm weights are in bf16
   # vocab_size from the mixtral tokenizer
-  model = Transformer(**(MODEL_PARAMS[getenv("LLAMA3_SIZE", "8B")]["args"]|{"vocab_size": 32000}), max_context=SEQLEN, jit=False, disable_kv_cache=True)
+  params = MODEL_PARAMS[getenv("LLAMA3_SIZE", "8B")]["args"]|{"vocab_size": 32000}
+  if (llama_layers:=getenv("LLAMA_LAYERS")) != 0: params['n_layers'] = llama_layers
+  model = Transformer(**params, max_context=SEQLEN, jit=False, disable_kv_cache=True)
 
   optim = AdamW(get_parameters(model), lr=0.0,
                 b1=opt_adamw_beta_1, b2=opt_adamw_beta_2, eps=opt_adamw_epsilon, weight_decay=opt_adamw_weight_decay)
diff --git a/extra/models/llama.py b/extra/models/llama.py
index 09907b964e..b942115816 100644
--- a/extra/models/llama.py
+++ b/extra/models/llama.py
@@ -99,7 +99,9 @@ class FeedForward:
     self.w3 = linear(dim, hidden_dim, bias=False) # the gate in Gated Linear Unit
 
   def __call__(self, x:Tensor) -> Tensor:
-    return self.w2(self.w1(x).silu() * self.w3(x)) # SwiGLU [arxiv/2002.05202, eq (5)]
+    w1 = self.w1(x).silu()
+    w3 = self.w3(x.contiguous_backward())  # this fixes a strange fusion that makes tensor cores miss
+    return self.w2(w1 * w3)
 
 class TransformerBlock:
   def __init__(self, dim:int, hidden_dim:int, n_heads:int, n_kv_heads:int, norm_eps:float, max_context:int, linear=nn.Linear,
diff --git a/tinygrad/engine/realize.py b/tinygrad/engine/realize.py
index fd343d0e70..3c233092fa 100644
--- a/tinygrad/engine/realize.py
+++ b/tinygrad/engine/realize.py
@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ class ExecItem:
         lds_est = sym_infer(self.prg.estimates.lds, var_vals)
         mem_est = min(mem_est, lds_est)   # there can't be more memory accessed than loads/stores. remove this when symbolic is fixed
         ptm = colored(time_to_str(et, w=9), "yellow" if et > 0.01 else None) if et is not None else ""
-        print(f"{colored(f'*** {self.prg.device[:7]:7s} {GlobalCounters.kernel_count:4d}', 'magenta' if jit else ('green' if self.prg.first_run else None))} {self.prg.display_name+' '*(41-ansilen(self.prg.display_name))} arg {len(bufs):2d} mem {GlobalCounters.mem_used/1e9:5.2f} GB " +  # noqa: E501
+        print(f"{colored(f'*** {self.prg.device[:7]:7s} {GlobalCounters.kernel_count:4d}', 'magenta' if jit else ('green' if self.prg.first_run else None))} {self.prg.display_name+' '*(44-ansilen(self.prg.display_name))} arg {len(bufs):2d} mem {GlobalCounters.mem_used/1e9:5.2f} GB " +  # noqa: E501
               (str() if et is None else f"tm {ptm}/{GlobalCounters.time_sum_s*1e3:9.2f}ms ({op_est/((et or 1e-20)*1e9):9.2f} GFLOPS {mem_est/((et or 1e-20)*1e9):6.1f}|{lds_est/((et or 1e-20)*1e9):<7.1f} GB/s)" +  # noqa: E501
                f" {[repr(m) if TRACEMETA >= 2 else str(m) for m in self.metadata] if self.metadata else ''}"))
       self.prg.first_run = False