from tinygrad.tensor import Tensor from tinygrad.dtype import dtypes from tinygrad.nn.optim import Optimizer, OptimizerGroup from tinygrad.helpers import FUSE_OPTIM, getenv from tinygrad.uop.ops import UOp, Ops, AxisType STOCHASTIC_ROUND = getenv("STOCHASTIC_ROUND", 0) MASTER_WEIGHTS = getenv("MASTER_WEIGHTS", 0) ZERO_OPTIM = getenv("ZERO_OPTIM", 0) FP8_AMAX_MARGIN = getenv("FP8_AMAX_MARGIN", 1.1) IMMEDIATE_SCALE = getenv("IMMEDIATE_SCALE", 0) MXFP8 = getenv("MXFP8", 0) def stochastic_round_bf16(x:Tensor) -> Tensor: bits = x.bitcast(dtypes.uint32) if isinstance(x.device, tuple): shape = x.uop.shard_shape if x.uop.axis is not None else x.shape noise = Tensor(UOp(Ops.MSTACK, dtypes.default_float, tuple(Tensor.rand(*shape, device=d).uop for d in x.device))) else: noise = x.rand_like() noise = (noise * 0xFFFF).cast(dtypes.uint32) return ((bits + noise) & 0xFFFF0000).bitcast(dtypes.float32).cast(dtypes.bfloat16) def clip_grads(grads:list[Tensor], grad_acc, clip_norm) -> Tensor: for g in grads: g.assign(g / grad_acc) total_norm = Tensor.stack(*[g.float().square().sum() for g in grads]).sum().sqrt().contiguous() for g in grads: g.assign((g * (clip_norm / (total_norm + 1e-6)).clamp(max_=1.0)).cast(g.dtype)) return total_norm class GradAccClipAdamW(Optimizer): def __init__(self, params:list[Tensor], lr=0.001, b1=0.9, b2=0.999, eps=1e-6, weight_decay=0.0, grad_acc=1, clip_norm=1.0, device=None, fused=FUSE_OPTIM): super().__init__(params, lr, device, fused) self.b1, self.b2, self.eps, self.wd = b1, b2, eps, weight_decay self.b1_t, self.b2_t = (Tensor.ones((1,), dtype=dtypes.float32, device=self.device) for _ in [b1, b2]) self.zero = bool(ZERO_OPTIM) and isinstance(self.device, tuple) and not self.fused self.m = [self._zero_shard(x) for x in self._new_optim_param()] self.v = [self._zero_shard(x) for x in self._new_optim_param()] self.grad_acc, self.clip_norm = grad_acc, clip_norm if MASTER_WEIGHTS and self.params[0].dtype != dtypes.float32: self.master_params:list[Tensor]|None = [self._zero_shard(p.to(self.device).float().contiguous()) for p in self.params] else: self.master_params = None def _zero_shard(self, t:Tensor) -> Tensor: if not self.zero or t.ndim < 2 or (t.shape[0] % len(self.device)) != 0: return t return Tensor(t.uop._shard(0, UOp.range(len(self.device), -1, AxisType.DEVICE)).unshard(0)).clone() def _zero_gather(self, t:Tensor) -> Tensor: if not isinstance(t.device, tuple) or t.uop.axis != 0: return t n, sz = len(t.device), t.shape[0] // len(t.device) return Tensor.cat(*[t[p*sz:(p+1)*sz] for p in range(n)], dim=0) def fschedule_step(self, grads:list[Tensor]) -> list[Tensor]: updates, extra = self._step([], grads) for i, tt in enumerate(self.params): tt.assign(self._apply_update(tt, updates[i], self.master_params[i] if self.master_params else None)) fp8_inv_scales = [tt._inv_scale for tt in self.params if hasattr(tt, '_inv_scale')] fp8_next_inv_scales = [tt._next_inv_scale for tt in self.params if hasattr(tt, '_next_inv_scale')] return extra + self.params + self.buffers + (self.master_params or []) + fp8_inv_scales + fp8_next_inv_scales def fstep(self, grads:list[Tensor], grad_norm:Tensor|None=None): Tensor.realize(*([grad_norm] if grad_norm is not None else []), *self.fschedule_step(grads)) def _step(self, params:list[Tensor], grads:list[Tensor]) -> tuple[list[Tensor], list[Tensor]]: grads = list(grads) for i in range(len(grads)): if grads[i].device != self.m[i].device: grads[i] = grads[i].to(self.m[i].device) ret = [] self.b1_t *= self.b1 self.b2_t *= self.b2 for i, g in enumerate(grads): m_new = self.b1 * self.m[i].float() + (1.0 - self.b1) * g.float() v_new = self.b2 * self.v[i].float() + (1.0 - self.b2) * (g.float() * g.float()) self.m[i].assign(m_new.cast(self.m[i].dtype)) self.v[i].assign(v_new.cast(self.v[i].dtype)) m_hat = m_new / (1.0 - self.b1_t) v_hat = v_new / (1.0 - self.b2_t) up = m_hat / (v_hat.sqrt() + self.eps) ret.append(self.lr * up) return ret, [self.b1_t, self.b2_t] + self.m + self.v def _apply_update(self, t:Tensor, up:Tensor, master:Tensor|None=None) -> Tensor: w = master if master is not None else t wd = self.wd if t.ndim >= 3 else 0.0 up = up.float().shard_like(w) + self.lr.to(w.device) * wd * w.detach() new_w = w.detach() - up if master is not None: master.assign(new_w) if self.zero and not (MXFP8 and t.dtype in dtypes.fp8s): new_w = self._zero_gather(new_w) # when master is offloaded to a different device than the param, results are resharded back onto the param's (sharded) device offloaded = master is not None and master.device != t.device if STOCHASTIC_ROUND and t.dtype == dtypes.bfloat16: out = stochastic_round_bf16(new_w) return out.shard_like(t) if offloaded else out if t.dtype in dtypes.fp8s: if MXFP8: from extra.gemm.cdna_asm_gemm import quantize_mxfp8 w_q, w_e8, _ = quantize_mxfp8(new_w.reshape(-1, new_w.shape[-1])) if self.zero: w_q, w_e8 = self._zero_gather(w_q), self._zero_gather(w_e8) new_e8 = w_e8.reshape(t._inv_scale.shape) t._inv_scale.assign(new_e8.shard_like(t._inv_scale) if offloaded else new_e8) ret = w_q.reshape(t.shape) return ret.shard_like(t) if offloaded else ret from examples.mlperf.models.flat_llama import FP8_MAX if IMMEDIATE_SCALE: amax_axis = tuple(range(t._inv_scale.ndim, new_w.ndim)) new_inv = ((new_w.float().abs().max(axis=amax_axis).detach() + 1e-8) / FP8_MAX).cast(t._inv_scale.dtype) t._inv_scale.assign(new_inv.shard_like(t._inv_scale) if offloaded else new_inv) scale = new_inv.reciprocal().reshape(*new_inv.shape, *([1]*(new_w.ndim-new_inv.ndim))) ret = (new_w * scale).clamp(-FP8_MAX, FP8_MAX).cast(t.dtype) return ret.shard_like(t) if offloaded else ret # delayed scaling: reuse previous step's inv_scale t._inv_scale.assign(t._next_inv_scale) inv_scale = t._inv_scale.to(new_w.device) if offloaded else t._inv_scale scale = inv_scale.reciprocal().reshape(*inv_scale.shape, *([1]*(new_w.ndim-inv_scale.ndim))) scaled = (new_w * scale).clamp(-FP8_MAX, FP8_MAX) ret = scaled.cast(t.dtype) # update inv_scale for next step from quantized result new_amax = (ret.float().abs().max(axis=tuple(range(inv_scale.ndim, ret.ndim))) * inv_scale * FP8_AMAX_MARGIN).detach() new_inv = ((new_amax + 1e-8) / FP8_MAX).cast(t._inv_scale.dtype) t._next_inv_scale.assign(new_inv.shard_like(t._next_inv_scale) if offloaded else new_inv) return ret.shard_like(t) if offloaded else ret out = new_w.cast(t.dtype) return out.shard_like(t) if offloaded else out class GradAccClipAdamWGroup(OptimizerGroup): def __init__(self, *optimizers:GradAccClipAdamW): super().__init__(*optimizers) for o in self.optimizers[1:]: o.lr = self.optimizers[0].lr def fstep(self, grads:list[Tensor], grad_norm:Tensor|None=None): offset = 0 to_realize = [] for o in self.optimizers: n = len(o.params) to_realize += o.fschedule_step(grads[offset:offset+n]) offset += n Tensor.realize(*to_realize, *([grad_norm] if grad_norm is not None else [])) @property def lr(self): return self.optimizers[0].lr @property def device(self): return self.optimizers[0].device @property def master_params(self): mp = [mp for o in self.optimizers for mp in (o.master_params or [])] return mp if mp else None