Files
tinygrad/tinygrad/schedule/rangeify.py
T
George HotzandGitHub aefabaf774 add AxisType to range (#11798)
* add AxisType to range

* missed them

* fix that test

* fix that test
2025-08-23 11:15:00 -07:00

449 lines
21 KiB
Python

from typing import Any
from dataclasses import dataclass, field
from tinygrad.dtype import dtypes, PtrDType
from tinygrad.uop.ops import PatternMatcher, UPat, Ops, UOp, resolve, GroupOp, RewriteNotReady, _substitute, AxisType
from tinygrad.helpers import argsort, prod, all_same, pluralize, getenv, colored, RANGEIFY
from tinygrad.schedule.multi import multi_pm
from tinygrad.schedule.kernelize import Kernel
from tinygrad.uop.ops import track_rewrites, graph_rewrite_map, graph_rewrite, KernelInfo, identity_element, sint
# 0. do some cleanup rewrites, mostly copied from the old stuff
double_reshape = PatternMatcher([
# RESHAPE on RESHAPE is the second reshape
(UPat(Ops.RESHAPE, src=(UPat(Ops.RESHAPE),), name="x"), lambda x: x.replace(src=(x.src[0].src[0],))),
])
earliest_rewrites = double_reshape+PatternMatcher([
# UOp with size 0 is zero
(UPat(GroupOp.All-{Ops.SINK}, name="root"), lambda root: root.const_like(0) if root.base.st is not None and root.size == 0 else None),
# DETACH and CONTIGUOUS_BACKWARD are NOOPs here, so is FUSE
(UPat((Ops.DETACH, Ops.CONTIGUOUS_BACKWARD, Ops.FUSE), name="x"), lambda x: x.src[0]),
# reduce of size 0 is the identity element
(UPat(Ops.REDUCE_AXIS, name="reduce", src=(UPat.var("x"),)),
lambda reduce,x: reduce.const_like(identity_element(reduce.arg[0], reduce.dtype)) if x.size == 0 and reduce.size != 0 else None),
# non shape changing RESHAPE is NOOP
(UPat(Ops.RESHAPE, name="x"), lambda x: x.src[0] if x.src[0].shape == x.arg else None),
# RESHAPE after COPY
(UPat(Ops.COPY, src=(UPat(Ops.RESHAPE, name="r"),UPat(name="d")), name="c"), lambda c,r,d: c.replace(src=(r.src[0],d)).reshape(r.arg)),
# TODO: this should be BUFFER_VIEW
(UPat(Ops.COPY, src=(UPat(Ops.SHRINK, name="r"),UPat(name="d")), name="c"), lambda c,r,d: c.replace(src=(r.src[0],d)).shrink(r.arg)),
# const hacks
(UPat(Ops.CONST, name="x"), lambda x:
x.replace(src=(x.src[0].src[0],)).reshape((1,)*len(x.shape)).expand(x.shape) if \
len(x.src) and x.src[0].op is Ops.VIEW and not any(s == 0 for s in x.shape) else None),
# assign only to buffer
(UPat(Ops.ASSIGN, src=(UPat(GroupOp.All-{Ops.BUFFER}, name="target"), UPat(name="x"))),
lambda x,target: x if target.base.op is not Ops.BUFFER else None),
# contiguous/buffer/copy/assign is already contiguous
(UPat(Ops.CONTIGUOUS, name="root", src=(UPat((Ops.CONTIGUOUS, Ops.BUFFER, Ops.COPY, Ops.ASSIGN)),)), lambda root: root.src[0]),
])
# 1. add contiguous where we have to
ALWAYS_CONTIGUOUS: set[Ops] = {Ops.CONTIGUOUS, Ops.ASSIGN, Ops.COPY, Ops.BUFFER, Ops.BUFFER_VIEW,
Ops.CONST, Ops.BIND, Ops.DEVICE, Ops.MSELECT, Ops.MSTACK, Ops.DEFINE_GLOBAL,
Ops.DEFINE_LOCAL, Ops.DEFINE_REG, Ops.LOAD}
def realize(ctx:dict[UOp, None], tr:UOp) -> None: ctx[tr] = None
def realize_parents(ctx:dict[UOp, None], rb:UOp) -> None:
for s in rb.src:
if s.op not in ALWAYS_CONTIGUOUS: ctx[s] = None
def realize_assign(ctx:dict[UOp, None], a:UOp) -> None:
if a.src[1].op not in ALWAYS_CONTIGUOUS: ctx[a.src[1]] = None
do_realize = PatternMatcher([
# always realize SINK parents
(UPat(Ops.SINK, name="s"), lambda ctx,s: ctx.update((x.base, None) for x in s.src if x.base.op not in ALWAYS_CONTIGUOUS)),
# always realize ASSIGN/COPY/BUFFER_VIEW
(UPat({Ops.ASSIGN, Ops.COPY, Ops.BUFFER_VIEW}, name="tr"), realize),
# realize parents of COPY, MSELECT, MSTACK
(UPat((Ops.COPY, Ops.MSELECT, Ops.MSTACK), name="rb"), realize_parents),
# realize input to assign (might be optimized out)
(UPat(Ops.ASSIGN, name="a"), realize_assign),
])
add_contiguous = PatternMatcher([
(UPat(GroupOp.All-{Ops.CONTIGUOUS}, name="x"), lambda ctx,x: x.replace(tag=1).contiguous() if x in ctx and x.tag is None else None),
])
remove_tags = PatternMatcher([(UPat(GroupOp.All, name="x"), lambda x: x.replace(tag=None) if x.tag is not None else None)])
# 2. mark all children
@dataclass
class ChildrenContext: children: dict[UOp, list[UOp]]|None = None
def extract_children(ctx:ChildrenContext, x:UOp):
if ctx.children is not None: return
children_map = x.get_children_map()
ctx.children = {}
for k,v in children_map.items():
non_sink_children = [u for u in v if u.op is not Ops.SINK]
if len(non_sink_children) <= 1: continue
# NOTE: this gate shouldn't be here
if any(x.op is Ops.REDUCE_AXIS for x in k.toposort()) and any(x.op in {Ops.BUFFER, Ops.CONTIGUOUS} for x in k.toposort()):
ctx.children[k] = non_sink_children
def mark_children(ctx:ChildrenContext, x:UOp):
assert ctx.children is not None
new_srcs = [(UOp(Ops.CHILD, s.dtype, src=(UOp(Ops.CHILDREN, s.dtype, (s,), arg=len(ctx.children[s])),),
arg=(ctx.children[s].index(x), len(ctx.children[s]))) if s in ctx.children else s) for s in x.src]
return x.replace(src=tuple(new_srcs))
pm_children = PatternMatcher([
(UPat(Ops.SINK, name="x"), extract_children),
(UPat(GroupOp.All-{Ops.CHILD, Ops.CHILDREN}, name="x"), mark_children),
])
# 3. rangeify
@dataclass
class RangeifyContext:
# block on parent until all children have been seen
seen_children: dict[UOp, dict[int, UOp]] = field(default_factory=dict)
seen_child: dict[UOp, Any] = field(default_factory=dict)
progress: int = 0
# create ranges
range_idx: int = 0
def new_range(self, s:sint, axistype:AxisType=AxisType.LOOP):
ret = UOp.range(dtypes.int, s, self.range_idx, axistype)
self.range_idx += 1
return ret
def map_reshape(idx:UOp, r:UOp):
acc = 1
to_sum = []
for s,src in list(zip(idx.shape, idx.src[1:]))[::-1]:
to_sum.append(acc*src)
acc *= s
mish = sum(to_sum, start=UOp.const(dtypes.int, 0))
ret:list[UOp] = []
for s in r.src[0].shape[::-1]:
ret.append(mish % s) # NOTE: simplify will turn this to CONST
mish //= s
tret = ret[0].sink(*ret[1:]).simplify().src[::-1] if len(ret) else ()
return r.src[0].index(*tret, dtype=idx.dtype, arg=idx.arg)
def map_pad(idx:UOp, r:UOp):
ret = list(idx.src[1:])
bigwhere = UOp.const(dtypes.bool, True)
for i,(sh,(s,e)) in enumerate(zip(r.shape, r.arg)):
if s == 0 and e == 0: continue
where = UOp.const(dtypes.bool, True)
if resolve(e > 0): where = where & (ret[i] < (sh-e))
if resolve(s > 0): where = where & (ret[i] >= s)
bigwhere = bigwhere & where
# this is safe but dumb
# TODO (S-Lykles): switch to mixed index/valid
ret[i] = (ret[i] - s).maximum(0).minimum(r.src[0].shape[i]-1)
# PAD is with 0
return bigwhere.simplify().where(r.src[0].index(*ret, dtype=idx.dtype, arg=idx.arg), UOp.const(r.dtype, 0))
def map_expand(r:UOp, idx:UOp):
new_rngs = []
ending_ranges = []
non_ending_ranges = []
for a,x,y in zip(idx.src[1:], r.src[0].shape, r.shape):
axis_to_range = [u for u in a.toposort() if u.op is Ops.RANGE]
if resolve(x!=y, False):
ending_ranges.extend(axis_to_range)
new_rngs.append(a.const_like(0))
else:
non_ending_ranges.extend(axis_to_range)
new_rngs.append(a)
ending_ranges = [x.arg for x in ending_ranges if x not in non_ending_ranges]
if idx.arg is not None: ending_ranges.append(idx.arg)
return r.src[0].index(*new_rngs, arg=min(ending_ranges) if ending_ranges else None)
pm_mops = PatternMatcher([
# this is like the definitions of these
(UPat(Ops.SHRINK, name="r").f(Ops.INDEX, allow_any_len=True, name="idx"),
lambda r,idx: r.src[0].index(*[a+ss if resolve(ss != 0) else a for a,(ss,_) in zip(idx.src[1:], r.arg)], dtype=idx.dtype, arg=idx.arg)),
(UPat(Ops.PERMUTE, name="r").f(Ops.INDEX, allow_any_len=True, name="idx"),
lambda r,idx: r.src[0].index(*[idx.src[1+p] for p in argsort(idx.src[0].arg)], dtype=idx.dtype, arg=idx.arg)),
(UPat(Ops.FLIP, name="r").f(Ops.INDEX, allow_any_len=True, name="idx"),
lambda r,idx: r.src[0].index(*[((s-1)-a) if f else a for a,s,f in zip(idx.src[1:], r.shape, r.arg)], dtype=idx.dtype, arg=idx.arg)),
# expand needs to end ranges
(UPat(Ops.EXPAND, name="r").f(Ops.INDEX, allow_any_len=True, name="idx"), map_expand),
# reshape does a lot of symbolic stuff
(UPat(Ops.RESHAPE, name="r").f(Ops.INDEX, allow_any_len=True, name="idx"), map_reshape),
# pad adds min and max
(UPat(Ops.PAD, name="r").f(Ops.INDEX, allow_any_len=True, name="idx"), map_pad),
])
def map_partial_contiguous(ctx:RangeifyContext, x:UOp, idx:UOp):
if x.arg is None: return None # map_contiguous can handle this
# NOTE: all partial contiguous can safely be replaced by full contiguous. we should be able to match old functionality like this
if not (RANGEIFY > 1): return idx.replace(src=(x.replace(arg=None),)+idx.src[1:])
ranges = []
new_ranges = []
passthrough_idx = []
for i,s in enumerate(x.shape):
if i not in x.arg:
ranges.append(idx.src[1+i])
continue
passthrough_idx.append(idx.src[1+i])
ranges.append(ctx.new_range(s) if resolve(s!=1) else UOp.const(dtypes.int, 0))
new_ranges.append(ranges[-1])
ret = x.src[0].index(*ranges).bufferize(*[x for x in new_ranges if x.op is not Ops.CONST], arg=x.device)
return ret.index(*passthrough_idx)
def map_contiguous(ctx:RangeifyContext, x:UOp):
if x.arg is not None: return None
ranges = []
for s in x.shape[len(x.src)-1:]:
ranges.append(ctx.new_range(s) if resolve(s!=1) else UOp.const(dtypes.int, 0))
return x.src[0].index(*ranges).bufferize(*x.src[1:], *[x for x in ranges if x.op is not Ops.CONST], arg=x.device).forced_reshape(x.shape)
def map_reduce(ctx:RangeifyContext, idx:UOp, red:UOp):
rngs = list(idx.src[1:])
new_ranges = []
for i,s in enumerate(red.src[0].shape):
if i in red.arg[1]:
rngs[i] = ctx.new_range(s, axistype=AxisType.REDUCE)
new_ranges.append(rngs[i])
return UOp(Ops.REDUCE, red.dtype, src=(red.src[0].index(*rngs),)+tuple(new_ranges), arg=red.arg[0])
def index_child(ctx:RangeifyContext, c:UOp, x:UOp, idx:UOp):
if c not in ctx.seen_children: ctx.seen_children[c] = {}
# wait here until we have seen all the children
if len(ctx.seen_children[c]) != x.arg[1]:
ctx.progress += 1
if ctx.progress > 10000: raise RuntimeError("children not making progress")
# NOTE: we mark this here
ctx.seen_children[c][x.arg[0]] = idx
raise RewriteNotReady
ctx.progress = 0
if c not in ctx.seen_child:
all_rngs = zip(*[ch.src[1:] for ch in ctx.seen_children[c].values()])
out_rngs = []
end_ranges = []
idx_ranges = []
for i,r in enumerate(all_rngs):
if all_same(r):
out_rngs.append(r[0])
else:
out_rngs.append(ctx.new_range(c.shape[i]))
end_ranges.append(out_rngs[-1])
idx_ranges.append(i)
ctx.seen_child[c] = (idx_ranges, end_ranges)
else:
out_rngs = list(idx.src[1:])
idx_ranges, end_ranges = ctx.seen_child[c]
for i,nr in zip(idx_ranges, end_ranges): out_rngs[i] = nr
# index based on the shared ranges
ret = c.index(*out_rngs)
# if all ranges aren't the same between children, we have to bufferize
if len(idx_ranges) > 0: ret = ret.bufferize(*end_ranges, arg=x.device).index(*[idx.src[1+i] for i in idx_ranges])
return ret
def children_gate(ctx:RangeifyContext, idx:UOp, c:UOp):
if len(ctx.seen_children[c]) != c.arg: raise RuntimeError("all children should have been seen by now")
return idx.replace(src=(idx.src[0].src[0],)+idx.src[1:])
def might_end_axis(idx:UOp):
if idx.arg is None: return None
# TODO: write a proper cost function here
if all(x.op not in {Ops.BUFFER, Ops.CONTIGUOUS, Ops.BUFFERIZE} for x in idx.toposort()): return None
if all(x.op not in {Ops.REDUCE_AXIS} for x in idx.toposort()): return None
to_end_axis = []
for i,a in enumerate(idx.src[1:]):
if any(x.arg > idx.arg for x in a.toposort() if x.op is Ops.RANGE):
to_end_axis.append(i)
if to_end_axis: return idx.replace(src=(idx.src[0].contiguous(arg=tuple(to_end_axis)),)+idx.src[1:], arg=None)
return idx.replace(arg=None)
pm_rangeify = pm_mops+PatternMatcher([
# sink contigs to kick it off
(UPat(Ops.CONTIGUOUS, src=(UPat(),), name="x", allow_any_len=True), map_contiguous),
# if there's an INDEX it can support partial contig
(UPat(Ops.INDEX, src=(UPat(Ops.CONTIGUOUS, src=(UPat(),), name="x"),), allow_any_len=True, name="idx"), map_partial_contiguous),
# if there are new ended children, tag the SINK
(UPat(Ops.INDEX, src=(UPat(Ops.CHILD, src=(UPat(name="c"), ), name="x"),), allow_any_len=True, name="idx"), index_child),
(UPat(Ops.INDEX, src=(UPat(Ops.CHILDREN, name="c"),), allow_any_len=True, name="idx"), children_gate),
# if we come across this, remove it. it was a CHILD unused in an INDEX
(UPat(Ops.CHILD, src=(UPat(Ops.CHILDREN, src=(UPat.var("x"),)),)), lambda x: x),
# CONST (or DEFINE_VAR) can't have axes. remove srcs when we INDEX it
(UPat(Ops.INDEX, src=(UPat((Ops.CONST, Ops.DEFINE_VAR), name="c"),)), lambda c: c.replace(src=())),
# handle arg on any op with weight. old endrange stuff
(UPat(Ops.INDEX, src=(UPat(GroupOp.Elementwise.union({Ops.REDUCE_AXIS})),), allow_any_len=True, name="idx"), might_end_axis),
# move MAP through elementwise ALU / reduce. these are the items with cost
(UPat(Ops.INDEX, src=(UPat(GroupOp.Elementwise.union({Ops.STORE, Ops.ASSIGN, Ops.COPY, Ops.DEVICE, Ops.BIND})),), allow_any_len=True, name="x"),
lambda x: x.src[0].replace(src=tuple([s.index(*x.src[1:]) for s in x.src[0].src]))),
(UPat(Ops.INDEX, src=(UPat(Ops.REDUCE_AXIS, name="red"),), allow_any_len=True, name="idx"), map_reduce),
])
# 3.5 cleanups
# you don't know in the first pass if axes are going to die, this happens if there's an EXPAND to the left
# TODO: figure out how to reenable this
def cleanup_dead_axes(b:UOp):
parents = b.src[0].toposort()
new_rng = []
hit = False
reshape: list[sint] = []
for s,rng in zip(b.shape, b.src[1:]):
if rng not in parents and rng.op is Ops.RANGE:
reshape.append(1)
hit = True
else:
reshape.append(s)
new_rng.append(rng)
if hit:
return b.replace(src=b.src[0:1]+tuple(new_rng)).reshape(tuple(reshape)).expand(b.shape)
# if a buffer is being stored just for permutes or something, remove it
# we want to reexpress the indexes of idx2 in terms of the implied b1
def remove_bufferize(b2:UOp, idx2:UOp):
# HACK
if len(b2.src) != len(idx2.src): return None
assert len(b2.src) == len(idx2.src)
assert all(x.op is Ops.RANGE for x in b2.src[1:])
return b2.src[0].substitute(dict(zip(b2.src[1:], idx2.src[1:])))
pm_cleanups = double_reshape+pm_mops+PatternMatcher([
#(UPat(Ops.BUFFERIZE, name="b"), cleanup_dead_axes),
# remove noop buffers. if we look at the next index we can remove even more of these
# NOTE: this is mostly the same case as below, but if there's no INDEX this gets more
#(UPat(Ops.INDEX, name="idx").f(Ops.BUFFERIZE, allow_any_len=True, name="b2"),
# lambda idx,b2: idx.src[0] if idx.src[1:] == b2.src[1:] else None),
# remove reindexing
(UPat(Ops.INDEX).f(Ops.BUFFERIZE, allow_any_len=True, name="b2").f(Ops.INDEX, allow_any_len=True, name="idx2"), remove_bufferize),
# no buffers for const
#(UPat(Ops.CONST, name='c').f(Ops.BUFFERIZE, allow_any_len=True, name="b"), lambda c,b: c.reshape((1,)*len(b.shape)).expand(b.shape)),
])
# 4. put in buffers for bufferize
# TODO: should BUFFERIZE look a lot more like STORE
# BUFFERIZE has device in arg
# BUFFERIZE doesn't have indexing, that's implied by the ranges it closes
# BUFFERIZE returns the BUFFER ready for INDEXing (doing this will make splitting a lot easier)
# NOTE: this has been fixed up a bit
def bufferize_to_store(x:UOp):
rngs = x.src[1:]
shape = tuple([int(r.vmax+1) for r in rngs])
sdtype = x.dtype.ptr(size=prod(shape))
assert prod(shape) > 0, f"no zero sized buffers {shape}"
if x.src[0].op is Ops.ASSIGN:
assign_target, assign_src = x.src[0].src
assert assign_target.op is Ops.INDEX
return assign_target.replace(dtype=sdtype).store(assign_src, *rngs, dtype=sdtype)
buf = UOp.new_buffer(x.arg, prod(shape), x.dtype)
return buf.reshape(shape).index(*rngs, dtype=sdtype).store(x.src[0], *rngs, dtype=sdtype).forced_reshape(shape, dtype=x.dtype)
pm_add_buffers = pm_mops+PatternMatcher([
(UPat(Ops.BUFFERIZE, name="x"), bufferize_to_store),
# move RESHAPEs through MSELECT/MSTACK
(UPat((Ops.MSELECT, Ops.MSTACK), src=UPat(Ops.RESHAPE), name="m"),
lambda m: m.replace(src=tuple([x.src[0] for x in m.src])).reshape(m.src[0].arg)),
])
# 5. split into kernels
@dataclass
class LocalAddBufferContext:
dg:int = 0
map:dict = field(default_factory=dict)
vars:dict = field(default_factory=dict)
def debuf(ctx:LocalAddBufferContext, buf:UOp):
ret = UOp(Ops.DEFINE_GLOBAL, buf.dtype.ptr(buf.arg), arg=ctx.dg)
if buf not in ctx.map: ctx.map[buf] = buf
ctx.dg += 1
return ret
def unbind_kernel(ctx:LocalAddBufferContext, b:UOp):
ctx.vars[b] = None
return b.src[0]
def handle_assign(ctx:LocalAddBufferContext, assign:UOp):
buf = assign.as_buf()
# HACK to put the buffer in the MAP instead of MSTACK/MSELECT
if buf.op in {Ops.MSTACK, Ops.MSELECT}: buf = buf.src[0]
assert buf not in ctx.map
ctx.map[buf] = assign
return buf
to_define_global = PatternMatcher([
(UPat(Ops.BUFFER, name="buf"), debuf),
(UPat(Ops.BIND, name="b"), unbind_kernel),
(UPat((Ops.ASSIGN, Ops.MSTACK, Ops.MSELECT), name="assign"), handle_assign),
# add loads to non ptr indexes
# TODO: this can be moved into codegen?
(UPat((Ops.DEFINE_GLOBAL, Ops.STORE), name="dg").f(Ops.INDEX, name="idx", allow_any_len=True),
lambda dg,idx: idx.replace(dtype=dg.dtype, arg=None).load() if not isinstance(idx.dtype, PtrDType) else None),
# TODO: this can be moved into codegen
(UPat(Ops.STORE, name="store").f(Ops.INDEX, allow_any_len=True, name="idx").f(Ops.LOAD),
lambda store,idx: idx.replace(src=(store.as_buf(),)+idx.src[1:]).load(store)),
# HACK in case any CONSTs were replaced
# this is only needed if you are using symbolic
#(UPat(Ops.CONST, name="c"), lambda c: c.replace(src=()) if len(c.src) else None),
])
def split_store(x:UOp):
if len(x.ranges): return None
ctx = LocalAddBufferContext()
ret = graph_rewrite(x, to_define_global, ctx=ctx, name="kernel split", bottom_up=True)
store_rngs = ret.src[2:]
rng = sorted([u for u in ret.toposort() if u.op is Ops.RANGE], key=lambda x: x.arg)
name = "k"+colored('_', 'BLACK').join(['']+[colored(s.src[0].render(), "WHITE" if s in store_rngs else "red") for s in rng])
# NOTE: the hack for COPY is here
ret = ret.sink(arg=KernelInfo(name=name)) if ret.src[1].op is not Ops.COPY else ret.src[1]
kernel = UOp(Ops.KERNEL, src=tuple(ctx.map.values())+tuple(ctx.vars.keys()), arg=Kernel(ret,()))
return x.as_buf().assign(kernel)
split_kernels = PatternMatcher([
(UPat(Ops.STORE, name="x"), split_store),
])
@track_rewrites(name=lambda sink,ret: f"Schedule {pluralize('Kernel',len([u for u in ret[sink].toposort() if u.op is Ops.KERNEL]))}", replay=True)
def get_rangeify_map(sink:UOp) -> dict[UOp, UOp]:
tensor_map = graph_rewrite_map(sink, multi_pm+earliest_rewrites, name="earliest")
realize_map: dict[UOp, UOp] = {}
graph_rewrite(tensor_map[sink], do_realize, ctx=realize_map, name="Input Graph")
tensor_map = graph_rewrite_map(tensor_map[sink], add_contiguous, ctx=realize_map, bottom_up=True, input_map=tensor_map, name="add contiguous")
tensor_map = graph_rewrite_map(tensor_map[sink], remove_tags, input_map=tensor_map, name="cleanup")
tensor_map = graph_rewrite_map(tensor_map[sink], pm_children, ctx=ChildrenContext(), bottom_up=True, input_map=tensor_map, name="children")
tensor_map = graph_rewrite_map(tensor_map[sink], pm_rangeify, ctx=RangeifyContext(), bottom_up=True, input_map=tensor_map, name="rangeify")
# NOTE: running symbolic can break the graph, leaving RANGE/INDEX/BUFFERIZE in the final graph
#tensor_map = graph_rewrite_map(tensor_map[sink], symbolic_simple, input_map=tensor_map, name="symbolic")
tensor_map = graph_rewrite_map(tensor_map[sink], pm_cleanups, bottom_up=True, input_map=tensor_map, name="cleanups")
if getenv("VIZ"): graph_rewrite(tensor_map[sink], PatternMatcher([]), name="View Rangeify Graph")
tensor_map = graph_rewrite_map(tensor_map[sink], pm_add_buffers, bottom_up=True, input_map=tensor_map, name="add buffers")
tensor_map = graph_rewrite_map(tensor_map[sink], split_kernels, input_map=tensor_map, name="split kernels")
# if a kernel depends on a buffer, and that buffer is later assigned to, make the assign depend on the kernel's assign
kernel_assign: dict[UOp, UOp] = {}
assign_rep: dict[UOp, UOp] = {}
for u in tensor_map[sink].toposort():
if u.op is not Ops.ASSIGN: continue
kernel_assign[u.buf_uop] = u
for s in u.src[1].src:
# TODO: this is probably broken for MSELECT/MSTACK
if s.op is not Ops.BUFFER or s is u.buf_uop or (a:=kernel_assign.get(s)) is None: continue
if any(x.op is Ops.ASSIGN and x.buf_uop is s for x in u.toposort()):
raise RuntimeError(f"cycle detected in graph, kernel for {u.buf_uop} must either depend on ASSIGN or BUFFER")
assign_rep[a] = kernel_assign[s] = a.replace(src=a.src+(u,))
if assign_rep:
tensor_map = graph_rewrite_map(tensor_map[sink], _substitute, ctx=assign_rep, bottom_up=True, input_map=tensor_map, name="fix_assign")
if getenv("VIZ"): graph_rewrite(tensor_map[sink], PatternMatcher([]), name="View Kernel Graph")
return tensor_map